恢复性环境和绿色锻炼的健康效应:心理科学的诠释  

Health Effects of Restorative Environments and Green Exercise:Interpretation of Psychological Science

作　　者：闫傲寒 王淙一 邓炜[1] YAN Aohan;WANG Congyi;DENGWei(School of Sports Medicine,Wuhan Sports Univ.,Wuhan 430079,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉体育学院运动医学院,湖北武汉430079

出　　处：《武汉体育学院学报》2023年第5期72-79,87,共9页Journal of Wuhan Sports University

基　　金：湖北省教育科学规划重点课题项目(2020GA051)。

摘　　要：建设具有恢复性环境的体育公园是促进全民健康发展的工作重点。在恢复性环境中进行的体育锻炼被称为绿色锻炼。为进一步揭示恢复性环境和绿色锻炼的健康效应,研究运用文献资料法和比较分析法,系统综述了两者对心理健康的影响。结果:(1)恢复性环境的脑机制研究主要集中在个体对自然环境的生物识别以及神经加工效率,绿色锻炼的脑机制鲜有研究;(2)在恢复性环境中进行绿色锻炼能提升个体的积极情绪、改善认知功能,但现有理论层面及研究证据亟待进一步完善。结论:(1)绿色锻炼理论的构建应将环境与运动项目、个体沉浸度差异产生的交互作用作为理论的框架;(2)在绿色锻炼理论的主体内容中,应结合个体认知流畅性和情绪间的交互作用,以注重内部效度的同时提高生态效度为研究重点;(3)在绿色锻炼的脑神经机制研究中,应将个体绿色锻炼信念的差异与城市认同、增强归属感相结合,为建成的体育公园实现最大的社会价值。(4)未来体育公园的建设应结合恢复性环境和绿色锻炼的科学结论,从提升居民身心健康的角度去形成科学的建设意见和实施路径。The construction of a sports park with a restorative environment is the focus of promoting the healthy development of fitness for all.Physical exercise in a restorative environment is called green exercise.In order to further reveal the effects of the restorative environment and the green exercise,this study reviewed their effects on mental health by through literature and comparative analysis.It was found that the researches on the brain mechanism of the restorative environment mainly focused on the individual biometric recognition of the natural environment and the neural processing efficiency.There were few studies on the brain mechanism of the green exercise.The green exercise in restorative environment could enhance individual positive mood and improve cognitive function,but the existing theoretical level and research evidence needed to be further improved.It was concluded that the construction of the green exercise theory should take the interaction between environment and sports and individual immersion as the theoretical framework.In the main content of green exercise theory,the research should focus on improving ecological validity while paying attention to internal validity in view of the interaction between individual cognitive fluency and emotion.In the study of the brain neural mechanism of the green exercise,the differences of the individual green exercise beliefs should be combined with the urban identity and enhanced sense of belonging so as to achieve the greatest social value for building the sports park.The construction of the sports parks should focus on the scientific restorative environment and green exercise in order to improve the mental health of the citizens.

关 键 词：运动训练学 体育公园 恢复性环境 绿色锻炼 神经机制 心理效益 

分 类 号：G804.83[文化科学—运动人体科学]