基于多装备协同观测的烤烟气象减灾系统分析  

Analysis of Flue-cured Tobacco Meteorological Disaster Reduction System Based on Multi-equipment

作　　者：徐舒扬 刘红俊 徐九林 赵庆 解莉燕 XU Shuyang;LIU Hongjun;XU Jiulin;ZHAO Qing;XIELiyan(Yunnan Meteorological Service Center,Kunming 650034,China;Meteorological Bureau of Zhaotong,Zhaotong,657000,China;Yunnan Weather Modification Center,Kunming 650034,China;School of Kunming Guandu District Teacher Training,Kunming 650299,China;Technical Support Center for Atmospheric Sounding of Yunnan,Kunming 650034,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省气象服务中心,云南昆明650034 [2]云南省昭通市气象局,云南昭通657000 [3]云南省人工影响天气中心,云南昆明650034 [4]昆明官渡区教师进修学校,云南昆明650299 [5]云南省大气探测技术保障中心,云南昆明650034

出　　处：《灾害学》2023年第2期191-196,共6页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42075013,41765003);云南省重点研发计划-社会发展专项(202203AC10006);中国气象局烤烟气象服务中心开放研究基金“烤烟种植区冰雹灾害风险评估技术研究”(KYZX2022-07);中国气象局大气探测重点实验室课题“C波段雷达四维变分反演风场研究”;云南省气象局课题“自动气象观测站远程监视与保障技术研究”(云气验字[2006]5号)。

摘　　要：现有高山新一代天气雷达受遮挡存在探测盲区,加之每次6 min的VCP模式时效限制,观测局地强对流天气常难以满足人影业务系统的作业需求。为此以罗平县为试点建设基于多装备协同观测指挥的新型烤烟气象减灾系统,由1部YW-X1-B型数字化天气雷达、6部大气电场仪和地面自动气象站与曲靖新一代天气雷达组成多装备协同人影作业指挥系统,重点针对强对流天气开展烤烟种植防灾减灾探索。经过一年多的检验,取得了较好的效果。该文以X波段双偏振天气雷达为基础,主要介绍其基本原理,功能、技术指标和探测模式,简单对比了该雷达同新一代天气雷达的回波特征及典型冰雹天气系统雷达回波指标差别,初步提出了回波之间的差异判据以及提高人影作业效果实现减灾的方法。利用个例分析表明:该雷达能在增雨防雹作业指挥和气象保障服务中具有良好辅助作用;同时对0°层亮带探测情况说明该雷达也具有较好的暴雨天气探测能力。通过对该雷达的业务能力和应用分析,探讨了该雷达在防灾减灾中发挥的作用,对发展X波段天气雷达建设有一点参考价值。The Communist Infirtration of Radiation and Atomic Energy Program has a detection blind area,coupled with the 6 min VCP mode limit,the observation of local severe convective weather is often missing important information,and is difficult to meet the operational requirements of the human shadow service system.Taking Luoping County as a pilot,a YW-X1-B digital X-band dual-polarization weather radar,six atmospheric electric field instruments,automatic meteorological disaster monitoring station on the ground and a new generation weather radar in Qujing are constructed to form a weather modification operation system,focusing on the exploration of disaster prevention and mitigation in severe convective weather.After the practice test this year,it has achieved better results.Based on the weather radar,we mainly introduces its basic principle,system structure,function,technical index and detection mode,briefly compare the echo characteristics of the radar with the new generation of weather radar and the difference between the typical hail weather system radar echo,and preliminarily put forward the difference criterion between the echoes.The analysis of a case shows that the radar has a good auxiliary role in the command of rain increasing and hail preventing operation and meteorological support service.At the same time,the detection of bright band in 0o layer shows that the radar also has a good ability of rainstorm weather detection.we discusse the role of this radar in disaster prevention and mitigation by analyzing its operational capability and application.In the next step,it has a certain supplementary effect on the construction of Yunnan weather radar network and a reference value for the development of X-band weather radar construction.

关 键 词：X波段双偏振天气雷达 回波特征 增雨防雹 高原高山 防灾减灾 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] X915.5[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P456P458