面向任务需求的模块化无人机配置方法  

Modular UAVs configuration method responded to task requirements

作　　者：肖和业[1] 杨建峰 白俊强[1] 张旭东[3] 吴利荣 XIAO Heye;YANG Jianfeng;BAI Junqiang;ZHANG Xudong;WU Lirong(Unmanned System Research Institute,Northwestern Polytechnical University,Xi’an 710072,China;95889 Troop of PLA,Jiuquan 735018,China;96236 Troop of PLA,Beijing 100085,China)

机构地区：[1]西北工业大学无人系统技术研究院,西安710072 [2]中国人民解放军95889部队,酒泉735018 [3]中国人民解放军96236部队,北京100085

出　　处：《航空学报》2023年第7期205-221,共17页Acta Aeronautica et Astronautica Sinica

基　　金：国家级项目。

摘　　要：为了实现成本约束下面向任务需求的模块化无人机(UAVs)高效配置,基于无人机需求集和模块备选元素集,构建了任务需求与模块备选元素之间的关联矩阵;以无人机总体成本为约束条件,建立了需求满意度评价模型,引入了改进粒子群算法以获得无人机专用模块的最优配置方案,并通过算例与其他2种优化算法对比,验证了本文优化算法的有效性,进而提出了一种面向模块化无人机的配置方法。以某任务场景为例,在预定成本约束下构建了3型无人机的模块配置方案,并与文献中的单兵无人机参数配置进行对比,验证了配置方案的合理性。结合不同配置方案的成本计算结果表明,提出的模块化无人机配置方法能够实现无人机性能、成本与多种任务用途需求的协同匹配。在此基础之上,开展了模块化无人机多个配置方案单体成本、面向任务运用成本的对比分析,探讨了无人机配置参数对其单机及集群运用成本的影响规律,间接验证了本文算法对无人机单机及集群运用成本控制的支撑作用。A configuration method for constructing modular Unmanned Aerial Vehicles(UAVs)is proposed to meet their mission requirements under cost constraints.Firstly,the set of mission requirements and module alternative ele⁃ments are constructed.The correlation between mission requirements and module alternative elements is established.A demand satisfaction evaluation algorithm is built by selecting the overall costs of UAVs as the constraint condition.The particle swarm optimization algorithm is introduced to obtain the optimal configuration plan of the special-use UAV modules in the evaluation model.A numerical example is given to illustrate the difference between the proposed algo⁃rithm and the genetic algorithms.The results of the proposed method agree with those of the genetic algorithms.Then,a mission scenario is selected as an example,and the disposable UAVs are planned to be used in this mis⁃sion.The modular configuration plans of three types of UAVs are constructed by the proposed method,restrained by the predetermined cost.The these plans show good agreements with the parameter configuration of disposable UAVs in previous studies.The rationality of the proposed configuration method is verified according to the calculation results of cost of each plan.Therefore,the modular UAVs configuration method can be used to achieve collaborative match of the performance of UAVs with the cost and task requirements of UAVs.Furthermore,single UAV cost and task cost of UAVs with different plans,which are obtained by the proposed configuration methods,are compared.The effects of configuration selections on the cost of single UAVs and swam UAVs are discussed.It is concluded that the pro⁃posed configuration algorithm can be used to control the cost of a single UAV and swarm UAVs.

关 键 词：无人机配置方法 模块化无人机 成本控制 需求满意度评价 粒子群算法 

分 类 号：V221[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计] V279