酰胺的制备新创实验——N-二苯甲基乙酰胺  

Innovative Experiments of Amide Preparation:N-Diphenylmethylacetamide

作　　者：马献涛 于静 袁超 杨硕 袁格 曹俊涛[1] Xiantao Ma;Jing Yu;Chao Yuan;Shuo Yang;Ge Yuan;Juntao Cao(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Xinyang Normal University,Xinyang 464000,Henan Province,China)

机构地区：[1]信阳师范学院化学化工学院,河南信阳464000

出　　处：《大学化学》2023年第4期277-283,共7页University Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(22101243);信阳师范学院教育教学改革研究与实践项目(2022030);信阳师范学院大学生科研创新基金项目(2022-DXS-089)。

摘　　要：以二苯甲醇与乙腈为原料、摩尔比5%碘单质或对甲苯磺酸作为催化剂,加热反应2 h,即可得到~85%分离收率的N-二苯甲基乙酰胺产物。本新创实验基于绿色化学理念,综合了醇的性质、碳正离子理论、BrØnsted与Lewis酸碱理论、Ritter人名反应等基础知识和基本理论,强化了TLC (薄层层析色谱)、重结晶、抽滤、烘干、熔点测定等基本实验操作,涉及到气相色谱-质谱联用、核磁共振等产物分析、表征的科研方法,渗透了单一变量法等基本科研思维,整个实验流程约需3–4 h,试剂成本~1.2元/人次,便于采用分组对照开展实际教学。总之,该新创实验既紧扣课本教材,又联系科研前沿,“顶天立地”,符合新课改“高阶性、创新性和挑战度”的要求。Heating the reaction mixture of diphenylmethanol and acetonitrile for 2 h in the presence of 5%(molar ratio)iodine or p-toluenesulfonic acid as the catalyst can yield the target product N-benzyl acetamide in approximately 85%isolated yield.Based on the concept of green chemistry,this innovative experiment integrates basic knowledge and theories such as the properties of alcohols,carbocation theory,organic Brønsted and Lewis acid-base theories,and the Ritter reaction.Additionally,knowledge regarding basic experimental operations such as thin layer chromatography(TLC),recrystallization,extraction filtration,drying and melting point determination can be strengthened by this experiment.The scientific research methods of product analysis and characterization such as gas chromatography-mass spectrometry,nuclear magnetic resonance,and the basic scientific research rules such as the single-variable method are also employed in this experiment.Notably,it takes approximately 3–4 h to complete the experimental process,the cost of reagents is approximately 1.2 yuan per-person,and it is convenient to carry out the control experiments in groups for practical teaching.In summary,the basic knowledge and theories mentioned in the textbook and the frontier of scientific research can be covered in this innovative experiment,while meeting the requirements for“high-order,innovation and challenge”of the new curriculum reform.

关 键 词：酰胺 Ritter反应 原子经济性 

分 类 号：G64[文化科学—高等教育学] O6[文化科学—教育学]