微震自动监测技术在荆门市A石膏矿采空区地面塌陷预警中的应用  

Application of Microseismic Automatic Monitoring Technology in Early Warning of Ground Collapse in A Gypsum Mining Goaf of Jingmen City

作　　者：杨宜军 李业 梁巍 石长柏 YANG Yijun;LI Ye;LIANG Wei;SHI Changbai(Hydrogeology Engineering Geology Brigade of Hubei Geological Bureau,Jingzhou 434031,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北省地质局水文地质工程地质大队,湖北荆州434031

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2023年第3期190-196,共7页Safety and Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：湖北省石膏矿产资源丰富,历史开采遗留下大面积采空区,地面塌陷时有发生,严重威胁到人民的生命和财产安全,因此开展有效的石膏矿采空区地面塌陷监测预警工作对防灾减灾救灾至关重要。传统的石膏矿采空区地面塌陷监测方法,如大地形变测量法、遥感测量法等,因其时效性有限难以提前预警。以荆门市A石膏矿为研究对象,引入微震自动监测技术用于该矿采空区地面塌陷预警,通过对微震信号分析,发出地面塌陷的预警信息。结果表明:2021年2月16日22:00—23:00时间段利用微震自动监测技术监测到大量的震动、微震事件,而地面塌陷于次日10:00才表现出来,即采空区地下塌陷源开始时间比地面塌陷显现早10 h,说明通过对微震事件和微震波形的分析和判断,可以提前发布采空区地面塌陷的预警信息,为救灾工作赢得充足的时间。微震自动监测技术在湖北省A石膏矿采空区地面塌陷预警中的成功应用,对我国其他石膏矿采空区地面塌陷的预警具有示范应用效果。Hubei Province is rich in gypsum mineral resources,with large areas of goaf left by historical mining.Ground collapse has occurred from time to time,seriously threatening people's lives and property.Therefore,effective monitoring and early warning of ground collapse in gypsum mining goaf is crucial for disaster prevention,mitigation and relief.Traditional monitoring methods for ground subsidence in gypsum mine,such as geodetic deformation measurement,remote sensing measurement,etc.,are difficult to provide advance warning due to their limited timeliness.Taking A gypsum mine in Jingmen as the research object,microseismic automatic monitoring technology is introduced for early warning of ground collapse in the quarry area.Through the analysis of the micros&smic signal,the early warning information for ground collapse is issued.A large number of shaking and microseismic events were detected using microseismic automatic monitoring technology from 22:00 to 23:00 on February 16,2021,the collapse of the ground did not manifest itself until 10:00 the next day.The results show that the underground collapse source in the goaf starts 10 h earlier than the surface collapse>indicating that through the analysis and judgment of microseismic events and microseismic waveforms»the early warning information of ground collapse in the goaf can be issued in advance to win sufficient time for disaster relief work.The successful application of mi croseismic automatic monitoring technology in the early warning of ground collapse in gypsum mining goaf in Hubei Province has a demonstration application effect on the early warning of ground collapse in other gypsum mining goaf in China.

关 键 词：石膏矿 采空区 地面塌陷 微震自动监测技术 

分 类 号：X43[环境科学与工程—灾害防治] P642.26[天文地球—工程地质学]