“一米高度看城市”:儿童友好视角下的综合公园趣味性评价  

"Seeing the City from a Meter Height": Evaluation of Enjoyment of Comprehensive Parks from A Child-friendly Perspective

作　　者：韩涵 于冰沁 HAN Han;YU Bingqin

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学设计学院

出　　处：《南方建筑》2023年第5期99-107,共9页South Architecture

基　　金：国家社科基金资助项目(21BSH124):人口老龄化背景下面向情绪调节的老龄友好型社区公共空间建设路径。

摘　　要：儿童行为心理与活动空间的趣味性息息相关。为了通过对综合公园趣味性评价和分析,丰富儿童视角下的综合公园景观设计策略。综合应用PSPL调研法、行为地图、问卷调查、AHP层次分析等方法,从学龄前儿童行为心理出发,从空间场地、设施小品、植物配置、水景设计、景观文化这5个维度进行评价。得出景观小品和空间场地不够新颖、自然教育科普程度有待提高、互动方式单一。针对问题,提出安全性和儿童共同参与营造的基本原则,以及场地、设施、水景方面的具体优化建议,为儿童友好的综合公园设计优化提供有益借鉴。A green space for children's outdoor activities is an important measurement indicator for building a child-friendly city. The construction of child-friendly cities in China has gradually shifted from theoretical research to practical exploration. As an important public space for urban children to have contact with nature and engage in outdoor activities, comprehensive parks should give special consideration to the needs of children. Children's behavioral psychology is closely related to enjoyment in the activity space.Studying the relationship between children's activities and enjoyment of parks from the perspective of behavioral psychology corresponds with the childfriendly city construction principle of "seeing the city from a meter height". This evaluation and analysis of enjoyment in comprehensive parks is expected to provide a useful reference for the design optimization of child-friendly comprehensive parks.Based on determined behavioral and psychological characteristics of preschool children, the factors influencing enjoyment in comprehensive parks are divided into three types according to the behaviors and psychology of preschool children, including the perceptual type, sports type, and social type. Based on relevant studies, 29 representative sample sites were chosen in the Pengpu Four Seasons Park in Shanghai for field survey using the Public Space Public Life(PSPL) survey method, behavior mapping, questionnaire survey, Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP), and other methods.To screen evaluation factors that influence enjoyment of comprehensive parks, an evaluation model for enjoyment of comprehensive parks was constructed. Enjoyment of comprehensive parks was evaluated from five dimensions, including space, facilities, plant configuration, waterscape design,and landscape culture. Differences in enjoyment among the same type of sample sites were analyzed and problems in enjoyment of comprehensive parks were explored. Finally, the corresponding optimization suggestions were proposed to solve shortcomings—

关 键 词：综合公园 学龄前儿童 行为心理 趣味性 评价 

分 类 号：TU-023[建筑科学—建筑理论] TU-024TU986