比较法视野下我国刑事搜查的制度困境与完善  

The Dilemma and Perfection of China's Criminal Search Systemfrom the Perspective of Comparative Law

作　　者：洪涛 HONG Tao

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学法学院

出　　处：《江苏警官学院学报》2023年第2期54-61,共8页Journal of Jiangsu Police Institute

摘　　要：刑事搜查涉及人身权、财产权、隐私权等法律权利,是侦查活动中使用较为频繁的措施之一,本应严格规范适用,但我国目前只是构建了刑事搜查制度的大体框架,还存在搜查理由空白化、搜查令状空泛化、签发主体内部化、救济程序无力化等四大问题。相比之下,英美法系的“司法控制模式”与大陆法系的“犯罪控制模式”在制度体系设计上更为完备,能更好地规制搜查行为,可为我国搜查制度的完善提供经验与启示。但必须注意的是,域外经验不能照搬照抄,而应进行本土化改造,由此方可构建符合我国国情的搜查制度体系。具体的完善路径可从充实搜查理由、具化搜查令状、转由检察机关签发、强化救济程序等四个方面展开。Criminal search involves many rights such as personal rights,property rights,privacy rights and so on.It is one of the measures used more frequently in investigation activities.It should be strictly standardized and applied,but it still only constructs the general framework of the system.In contrast,the"judicial control mode"of the common law system and the"crime control mode"of the civil law system are more complete in the system design,which can regulate the search behavior better,and can provide experience and revelation to perfect the search system of our country.However,it must be noted that foreign experience cannot be copied,but local reform should be carried out so that a search system that suits our national conditions can be constructed.The concrete improvement path can be carried out from four aspects:enriching the search grounds,formulating the search warrant,transferring it to the prosecution,and strengthening the relief procedure.

关 键 词：刑事搜查 制度困境 完善路径 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]