养老观念、房产态度与住房反向抵押贷款参与意愿——基于ISM的影响因素层次结构分析  

Old-age Perceptions,Property Attitudes and Willingness to Participate in Home Reverse Mortgages——A Hierarchical Analysis of Influencing Factors Based on ISM

作　　者：孙瑞婷 熊学萍[2] Sun Ruiting;Xiong Xueping(School of Mathematics and Statistics,Hubei University of Education,Wuhan 430205,Hubei,China;School of Economics and Management,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北第二师范学院数学与统计学院,湖北武汉430205 [2]华中农业大学经济管理学院,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《金融发展研究》2023年第4期52-60,共9页Journal Of Financial Development Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“人口老龄化背景下中国农村居民养老财富储备行为研究”(72174069)。

摘　　要：住房反向抵押养老产品是老年人将房屋抵押从而获得现金流的一种养老方式。本文以住房反向抵押贷款为例,运用武汉市的747个调查样本,实证分析了养老观念和房产态度对住房反向抵押养老参与意愿的影响,并运用ISM分析了影响因素的层次结构。结果发现:“养儿防老”观念和房产态度对住房反向抵押贷款参与意愿有显著的负向影响,“养儿防老”观念加重了房产态度对参与意愿的消极影响。分样本回归显示:除了健康状况较差和家庭收入较高的组外,养老观念对各组居民的参与意愿都有显著的负向影响;对女性、年龄较低、健康状况较差、家庭人数较多和收入较低的部分居民来说,房产态度对参与意愿有显著的负向影响。ISM分析发现,养老观念和房产态度是住房反向抵押贷款参与意愿的直接影响因素,而风险态度、政策了解、金融能力和房产数量是间接影响因素。本文的政策指向是:政府应增强住房反向抵押养老产品的宣传力度,加强居民的养老金融教育,以改变居民传统的养老观念和房产态度,鼓励居民积极参与住房反向抵押贷款或保险,缓解居民的养老经济压力。Home reverse mortgage retirement products are a way for elderly people to mortgage their houses and thus obtain cash flow.This paper empirically analyzes the influence of retirement perceptions and property attitudes on the willingness to participate in home reverse mortgage retirement using 747 survey samples inWuhan city,and analyzes the hierarchy of influencing factors using ISM.The results showed that"raising children for old age"and property attitudes had a significant negative effect on the willingness to participate in reverse mortgages,and"raising children for old age"aggravated the negative effect of property attitudes on the willingness to participate.Sub-sample regressions show that perceptions of old age have a significant negative effect on the willingness to participate for all groups of residents,except for the group with poorer health and higher household income;property attitudes had a significant negative effect on willingness to participate for females,lower age,poorer health,larger household size,and lower income segments of the population.The ISM analysis found that perceptions of retirement and property attitudes are direct influences on the willingness to participate in home reverse mortgages,while risk attitudes,policy understanding,financial capability and number of properties are indirect influences.The policy point of this paper is that the government should enhance the publicity of housing reverse mortgage retirement products and strengthen the education of residents on retirement finance in order to change their traditional concepts of retirement and property attitudes and encourage them to actively participate in housing reverse mortgage or insurance to relieve their financial pressure on retirement.

关 键 词：“养儿防老”观念 房产态度 以房养老 有序PROBIT模型 ISM 

分 类 号：F832.48[经济管理—金融学]