新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情常态化防控下中学生心理健康状况及其影响因素  

Mental health status and its influencing factors in middle school students under the regular prevention and control of COVID-19

作　　者：赵松涛[1] 李丽萍 孙振晓[1] 刘振东[1] 赵林 陈方侠 Zhao Songtao;Li Liping;Sun Zhenxiao;Liu Zhendong;Zhao Lin;Chen Fangxia(Linyi Mental Health Center,Linyi 276005,China)

机构地区：[1]临沂市精神卫生中心,山东临沂276005

出　　处：《四川精神卫生》2023年第2期168-174,共7页Sichuan Mental Health

基　　金：2021年度山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目(项目名称:基于大数据分析构建青少年心理健康动态管理模型,项目编号:202103090961)。

摘　　要：目的分析新型冠状病毒肺炎(COVID-19)疫情常态化防控下中学生的心理健康状况及其影响因素,为对其进行心理干预及管理提供参考。方法于2021年3月7日-21日,采用分层随机抽样方法,在山东省临沂市3区9县抽取17所学校的19352名中学生为研究对象。采用自编调查表收集中学生基本资料,使用症状自评量表(SCL-90)评定其心理健康状况。采用独立样本t检验、单因素方差分析、逐步回归分析探索中学生心理健康状况的影响因素。结果①检出6350名(32.81%)中学生存在心理健康问题。②不同性别、同学关系、是否有好友、是否担心疫情、是否存在课业压力的中学生SCL-90各因子分及总均分差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01);每日手机娱乐时长、日均睡眠时长、运动频率不同的中学生SCL-90各因子分及总均分差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.01)。③逐步回归分析显示,女生、同学关系不融洽、无好友、手机娱乐时间长(β=0.096、0.183、0.064、0.232,P<0.01)是中学生心理健康的危险因素。结论在COVID-19疫情常态化防控下,中学生轻度心理问题发生率较高,其中女生、同学关系不融洽、无好友、手机娱乐时间长对中学生心理健康状况存在负面影响。Objective To analyze the mental health status and its influencing factors in middle school students under the regular prevention and control of COVID-19,so as to provide references for the intervention and management of their mental health problems.Methods From March 7 to 21,2021,a stratified random sampling method was used to select 19352 students from 17 schools in 3 districts and 9 counties of Linyi City,Shandong Province.Basic data were collected through a self-designed questionnaire.All students completed the Symptom Checklist 90(SCL-90)to assess their mental health status.Then the factors affecting the mental health status of middle school students were screened using independent sample t-test,one-way ANOVA test and multiple stepwise regression analysis.Results①A total of 6350(32.81%)middle school students were found to have mental health problems.②Each SCL-90 factor score and total average score yielded statistical difference among middle school students of different genders,relationships with classmate,closeness to friends,concerns about the epidemic,and pressure exerted by schoolwork(P<0.01).Each SCL-90 factor score and total average score of middle school students were significant different in terms of the hours of smartphone usage for recreation per day,sleep duration per night in hours and exercise frequency(P<0.01).③Multiple stepwise regression analysis denoted that female gender,poor relationship with classmate,no close friend and long hours of smartphone usage for recreation were the risk factors for mental health of middle school students(β=0.096,0.183,0.064,0.232,P<0.01).Conclusion The prevalence rate of mild mental health problems is quite high among middle school students under the regular epidemic prevention and control.Additionally,female gender,poor relationship with classmate,no close friend and long hours of smartphone usage for recreation have a negative impact on middle school students'mental health.

关 键 词：新冠肺炎 中学生 心理健康状况 影响因素 

分 类 号：B844.2[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学]