新型列车侧墙内装板声学分析、优化及应用  

Acoustic analysis and optimization of new train side wall sandwich material

作　　者：任林旸 王瑞乾[1,2] 张学飞[1] 周虹希 钱日成 REN Linyang;WANG Ruiqian;ZHANG Xuefei;ZHOU Hongxi;QIAN Richeng(School of Mechanical and Rail Transportation,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164,China;State Key Laboratory of Traction Power,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]常州大学机械与轨道交通学院,常州213164 [2]西南交通大学牵引动力国家重点实验室,成都610031

出　　处：《应用声学》2023年第3期637-644,共8页Journal of Applied Acoustics

基　　金：牵引动力国家重点实验室开放课题(TPL2205);常州市第八批科技计划项目(CJ20220020)。

摘　　要：为了开发与应用新型列车车体降噪内装结构,基于混合有限元-统计能量分析法对轨道车辆用新型橡胶泡棉夹芯板进行隔声与声辐射预测建模,并进行了实验验证,进而利用该模型分析了橡胶泡棉孔隙率与芯皮厚度比对其隔声性能、声辐射性能的影响规律,并通过敷设阻尼层优化了其声学性能。最后,在侧墙组合结构的声学设计中评价了其实际应用效果。结果表明:随着孔隙率的逐步下降,橡胶泡棉夹芯板隔声量上升趋势较为明显,而辐射声功率持续降低;随着芯皮厚度比的逐步提高,夹芯板隔声量呈略微上升趋势,辐射声功率则相应降低。在远离声源一侧的橡胶泡棉蒙皮外侧敷设阻尼层的效果最优,优化后夹芯板计权隔声量提高0.7 dB,总声功率级降低0.7 dB;相较于传统木质胶合板和铝蜂窝板,橡胶泡棉夹芯板相较于传统内装板材在结构隔声设计中具有轻量化优势。In order to develop and apply a new type of noise reduction sandwich material for train side wall,based on the hybrid finite element-statistical energy analysis(FE-SEA)method,the prediction models of sound insulation and sound radiation of new rubber foam sandwich panel for rail vehicles were established,and verified by experiments.Then,the influences of the ratio of porosity of rubber foam and thickness of sandwich panel on its sound insulation and sound radiation performance were investigated by using the model,and the acoustic performances of sandwich panel were optimized by laying damping layer.Finally the effect of vibration and noise reduction was verified by comparative test.The results show that with the decrease of porosity,the sound insulation of sandwich panel increases obviously,while the radiated sound power decreases continuously;With the increase of thickness ratio,the sound insulation of sandwich panel increases slightly,and the radiated sound power decreases accordingly.It is the most effective to lay a 1 mm damping layer outside the rubber foam lower skin on the side away from the sound source.After optimization,the weighted sound insulation loss of sandwich panel increases by 0.7 dB and the total sound power level decreases by 0.7 dB;Compared with traditional wood plywood and aluminum honeycomb panel,rubber foam sandwich panel has lightweight advantages in structural sound insulation design compared with traditional interior panel.

关 键 词：橡胶泡棉 隔声 声辐射 轻量化设计 混合有限元-统计能量分析法 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]