生命伦理学和哲学视角下脆弱性概念探析  

Conceptual Analysis of Vulnerability from Perspectives of Bioethics and Philosophy

作　　者：卢奥蓝 LU Ao-lan(Department of Philosophy,University of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 102488,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院大学哲学院,北京102488

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第7期12-16,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年国家社会科学基金青年项目(22CZX021)。

摘　　要：从人类诞生的那天起,脆弱性就随之诞生。在伦理学领域,脆弱性通常可以分为特殊脆弱性和普遍脆弱性。基于对“脆弱群体和个人”进行识别的务实取向,特殊脆弱性在生命伦理学领域体现为形容词“vulnerable”,具有特殊的、相对的、偶然的和临时的特征。基于对“人类普遍生存境况”进行关怀的整体取向,普遍脆弱性在哲学领域体现为名词“vulnerability”,具有普遍的、绝对的、必然的和永久的特征。相对于特殊脆弱性而言,建立在普遍脆弱性基础之上的人类学脆弱性概念有助于在多元社会中的道德陌生人之间架起一座桥梁,使全球生命伦理学成为可能。Vulnerability was born from the birth of mankind.In the field of ethics,vulnerability can usually be distinguished as special vulnerability and general vulnerability.Based on the pragmatic orientation of identifying"vulnerable populations and individuals",special vulnerability is introduced with an adjective"vulnerable"in bioethics,which has special,relative,accidental and temporary characteristics.Based on a holistic approach to caring for"general condition of human existence",general vulnerability is introduced with a noun"vulnerability"in philosophy,which has universal,absolute,inevitable and permanent characteristics.The concept of anthropological vulnerability based on general vulnerability,as opposed to special vulnerability,helps to build a bridge between moral strangers in a pluralistic society and makes global bioethics possible.

关 键 词：脆弱性 生命伦理学 哲学 人类学脆弱性 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]