种植密度及锌和硒对糯玉米穗部性状与鲜籽粒产量的影响  

Effects of Planting Density,Zinc and Selenium on Ear Characters and Fresh Kernel Yield of Waxy Corn

作　　者：张瑞芳 Bosco Justin Shio 郭少敏 海江波[1] 董永利[1] 郭勇[1] 郗洛延[1] ZHANG Ruifang;BOSCO Justin Shio;GUO Shaomin;HAI Jiangbo;DONG Yongli;GUO Yong;XI Luoyan(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China;Hospital Northwest A&F University,Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学医院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2023年第5期697-705,共9页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：陕西省2021年度创新能力支撑计划(2021XYSF-12)。

摘　　要：为探明种植密度与微量元素锌和硒对糯玉米穗长、穗粗、秃尖长,穗行数、行粒数、穗轴粗等穗部性状和鲜籽粒产量的影响,以‘陕白糯11’和‘陕彩糯1954’为材料,以种植密度为主区,设3个水平:D1(3.75万株·hm^(-2))、D2(4.5万株·hm^(-2))和D3(5.25万株·hm^(-2));以微量元素为副区,设置为叶面喷施锌(M1)、硒(M2)和水(CK)。结果表明,喷施锌硒有利于糯玉米穗部性状的改善和产量的提升,但效果并不显著。种植密度会显著影响糯玉米的鲜籽粒产量,在一定的密度范围内,产量随着密度的增大而增大。D3M2是实现‘陕白糯11’穗部性状的改善和产量提升的较优组合,在D3M2处理下,‘陕白糯11’鲜籽粒产量最高(9068.61 kg·hm^(-2)),与对照相比增加8.14%;而‘陕彩糯1954’在D3M1处理下鲜籽粒产量(7622.46 kg·hm^(-2))和鲜果穗产量(10565.61 kg·hm^(-2))最高,与对照相比分别增加7.10%和7.18%。In order to explore the effects of density,zinc and selenium on ear length,diameter and bald tip length,row number of kernels per ear,number of kernels per row,ear axis diameter and fresh kernel yield in waxy corn,this experiment was conducted with‘Shaan Bainuo No.11’and‘Shaan Cainuo No.1954’as experimental materials,and the primary plot was composed of three planting densities including D1(37500 plants·hm^(-2)),D2(45000 plants·hm^(-2))and D3(52500 plants·hm^(-2)),and the secondary plot was composed of zinc(M1),selenium(M2)and water(CK),which were sprayed on leaves.The results showed that the sprayings of zinc and selenium could improve the ear traits and yield of waxy corn,but was not significantly.The planting densities had a significant effect on the fresh kernel yield of waxy corn.With the increase of planting densities within certain limits,the yield of waxy corn increased.D3M2 was the best combination for improving the ear traits and yield of‘Shaan Bainuo No.11’.Under D3 and M2,the fresh kernel yield of‘Shaan Bainuo No.11’was the highest(9068.61 kg·hm^(-2)),which was 8.14%higher than that of the control;under D3 plus M1,the fresh kernel(7622.46 kg·hm^(-2))and fresh ear(10565.61 kg·hm^(-2))yields of‘Shaan Cainuo No.1954’were the highest,which was 7.10%and 7.18%higher than that of the control,respectively.

关 键 词：种植密度 锌 硒 糯玉米 穗部性状 产量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]