新冠疫情下NO_(2)时空变化特征——以陕西省为例  

Effect of COVID-19 on Temporal and Spatial Distribution of NO_(2) Concentrationand Socio-Economic Life: A Case Study of Shaanxi Province

作　　者：吴雅睿[1] 王美景 王涛[1,2] 杨梅焕[1] WU Yarui;WANG Meijing;WANG Tao;YANG Meihuan(College of Geomatics,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,P.R.China;Institute of Territorial Space,Xi’an University of Science and Technology,Xi’an 710054,P.R.China)

机构地区：[1]西安科技大学测绘科学与技术学院,陕西西安710054 [2]西安科技大学国土空间研究所,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2023年第3期514-524,共11页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41977059);陕西省软科学研究计划(2022KRM034)。

摘　　要：二氧化氮(NO_(2))是重要的大气污染物之一,其浓度水平主要受人类活动影响。2020年初新冠疫情发生,人民生产生活受到限制,进而对NO_(2)的排放产生了重要影响。陕西省作为丝绸之路向西推进的前沿、“一带一路”倡议中的黄金要地,开展新冠疫情背景下NO_(2)时空变化特征及其所反映的社会经济活动变化,对于科学认识陕西省人类活动与污染物之间的相互关系具有重要意义。以陕西省为例,在2020年1月21日-2022年1月22日期间选取同比期、环比期、疫情期I、疫情期II共4个重要时段,基于目前技术性能最先进、空间分辨率最高的Trop OMI数据,利用标准化社会经济活动指数(SSEI)、NO_(2)减排效应估算等方法,开展了陕西省新冠疫情对NO_(2)时空分布特征和社会经济活动影响研究。结果表明,(1)地面监测NO_(2)浓度与Trop OMI反演的NO_(2)柱浓度呈现较好的正相关关系,利用Trop OMI反演的对流层NO_(2)柱浓度数据具有较高可靠性。(2)疫情期I陕西省对流层NO_(2)柱浓度较同比期和环比期分别下降39.15%和55.99%,较疫情期II下降59.29%。新冠疫情导致陕西省对流层NO_(2)柱浓度高的地区下降明显,而低的地区受影响相对较小。对流层NO_(2)柱浓度在空间上总体表现为关中地区和陕北北部及城市周边高于其他地区的分布特征。(3)陕西省社会经济活动受疫情管控影响较大。2020、2021、2022年春节前5周至春节后7周共13周的SSEI总体变化趋势保持一致。2020年疫情期I陕西省SSEI明显低于2021年同时段无疫情时期和2022年疫情期II。研究结论认为NO_(2)变化与人类活动关系密切,利用Trop OMI遥感反演的NO_(2)浓度数据可用于开展大范围、多尺度的社会经济活动评价。Nitrogen dioxide (NO_(2)) is one of the main atmospheric pollutants and the concentration of NO_(2) is mainly determined by human activities.The occurrence of the novel coronavirus epidemic in the early 2020 has restricted work and normal life,which in turn greatly affected NO_(2) emissions.Shaanxi Province is the frontier of the Silk Road to the west and a golden place in the One Belt and Road region.Investigating the temporal and spatial variation characteristics of NO_(2) during the COVID-19 epidemic period and the changes of social-economic activities during this time is of great significance for scientific understanding of the relationship between human activities and pollutants in Shaanxi Province.Taking Shaanxi Province as the study area,we selected four important periods from January 21,2020 to January 22,2022:year-on-year period,sequential period,epidemic period I and epidemic period II.Based on the most advanced TropOMI data with the highest spatial resolution,we used standardized socio-economic life index(SSEI)and NO_(2) emission reduction effect estimation methods to study the spatio-temporal distribution characteristics and the impact of COVID-19 on NO_(2) and socio-economic life in Shaanxi Province.The results showed that(1)there was a positive correlation between NO_(2) concentration from surface monitoring and NO_(2) column concentration from TropOMI inversion,and the results of tropospheric NO_(2) column concentration from TropOMI inversion were reliable.(2)The tropospheric NO_(2) column concentrations in Shaanxi Province during the epidemic period I decreased by 39.15%and 55.99% respectively,compared with those during the year-on-year and the chain periods,and decreased by 59.29%compared with that in the epidemic period II.In Shaanxi province,the areas with high tropospheric NO_(2) column concentrations were significantly affected by COVID-19 pandemic,while areas with low NO_(2) column concentrations were less affected.Spatially,tropospheric NO_(2) column concentrations were higher in Guanzhong,

关 键 词：二氧化氮 时空分布 新冠疫情 社会经济活动 TropOMI 陕西省 

分 类 号：X16[环境科学与工程—环境科学]