慢性高原低氧暴露对小鼠神经行为学的影响  

Effects of chronic high-altitude hypoxia exposure on neurobehavior in mice

作　　者：张梦雅 赵名 江亚群 史子毕 成祥 李云峰 朱玲玲 ZHANG Mengya;ZHAO Ming;JIANG Yaqun;SHI Zibi;CHENG Xiang;LI Yunfeng;ZHU Lingling(School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,University of South China,Hengyang 421001,China;Institute of Military Cognition and Brain Sciences,Academy of Military Medical Sciences,Beijing 100850)

机构地区：[1]南华大学药学院,湖南衡阳421001 [2]军事医学研究院军事认知与脑科学研究所,北京100850

出　　处：《中国比较医学杂志》2023年第4期28-35,共8页Chinese Journal of Comparative Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81773708,81173036)。

摘　　要：目的观察高原低氧暴露4周对小鼠神经行为学的影响。方法C57BL/6J小鼠随机分为2组:对照组和低压低氧组,其中低压低氧组模拟海拔6000 m,暴露时长为4周。低压低氧暴露后每周进行一次体重测量;暴露4周后,开场、悬尾和高架十字迷宫实验用于检测小鼠情绪行为的变化;负重游泳和转棒实验用于检测小鼠体能的变化;新物体识别、Y迷宫和Morris水迷宫实验用于检测小鼠认知及学习记忆的变化。结果与对照组相比,低氧暴露1周引起小鼠体重显著下降(P<0.001),且低氧组小鼠体重增长缓慢。开场实验结果显示低氧暴露对小鼠的自发活动没有影响,悬尾和高架十字迷宫实验显示低氧暴露小鼠未见明显的负性情绪。负重游泳实验结果显示低氧后小鼠力竭潜伏期缩短(P<0.01),转棒实验结果显示两组之间没有统计学差异。新物体识别实验结果显示低氧后小鼠对新事物、新环境的探索时间减少,认知指数下降(P<0.05),Y迷宫实验中工作记忆显著降低(P<0.05),空间学习记忆两组之间没有差异。结论模拟高原低氧暴露4周可对小鼠神经行为学的多个指标产生影响,其中力竭游泳实验中的力竭潜伏期、新物体识别实验中的认知指数和Y迷宫实验中进入新开放臂次数的百分比是较为敏感的指标。Objective To observe the effects of high-altitude hypoxia exposure for 4 weeks on neuroethology in mice.Methods C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into two groups:control group and hypobaric hypoxia group.Mice in the hypobaric hypoxia group were put in a hypobaric hypoxia chamber that simulated an altitude of 6000 m for 4 weeks of exposure.Body weight was measured once a week.An open field test,tail-suspension test,and elevated plus maze test were used to detect changes to the emotional behaviors of mice.A weight-bearing swimming test and rotarod test were used to detect changes in the physical fitness of the mice.A new object recognition test,Y maze test,and Morris water maze test were used to detect changes to cognition,learning,and memory.Results Compared with the weights of the control group,the weight of mice exposed to hypoxia decreased significantly in the first week(P<0.001).The open field test showed that hypoxia exposure had no effect on the spontaneous activities of mice,and the tail-suspension and elevated plus maze tests showed that there was no obvious negative emotion in hypoxia-exposed mice.The weight-bearing swimming test showed that the exhaustion latency of mice was shortened after hypoxia(P<0.01),but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the rotarod test.The new object recognition test showed that the time to explore new things and new environments decreased,and the recognition index decreased after hypoxia(P<0.05).Working memory decreased significantly in the Y maze test after hypoxia(P<0.05),and there was no difference in spatial learning or memory between the two groups.Conclusions Four weeks of exposure to simulated high-altitude hypoxia affected many neuroethological indexes in the mice,among which exhaustion latency in the exhaustion swimming test,the cognitive index in the new object recognition test,and the percentage entering the new open arm in the Y maze test were the most sensitive indexes.

关 键 词：高原低氧 神经行为 认知 

分 类 号：R-33[医药卫生]