《说文解字》与北朝字书《字统》收字释义比较研究  

A comparative study on the interpretation of the characters in Shuo Wen Jie Zi and the Northern Dynasty Zi Tong

作　　者：王虎[1] 牛天志 Wang Hu;Niu Tianzhi(School of Chinese Language and Literature,Liaoning Normal University,Dalian 116081,China)

机构地区：[1]辽宁师范大学文学院,辽宁大连116081

出　　处：《辽宁师范大学学报（社会科学版）》2023年第3期111-117,共7页Journal of Liaoning Normal University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金一般项目“唐宋俗语辞书编纂及其所录俗语词研究”(20BYY138)。

摘　　要：北朝字书《字统》虽已亡佚,但从各传世文献的引用中仍可辑得逾百条佚文。《字统》于收字释义上对《说文》既有传承又有发展,将相关条目加以比较,可直观反映出二者的异同,并可管窥上古汉语至中古汉语文字与词义的发展变化。收字方面,《字统》的收字总量超过《说文》,不仅补充了一定数量的《说文》失收字,还收录了相关的异体字和东汉后产生的新字。释义方面,《字统》一方面沿袭《说文》的训释,另一方面也颇有创见,对汉字的引申义和假借义亦有说解。Although Zi Tong(《字统》),a dictionary written in the Northern Dynasty,has been lost,there are still more than 100 lost entries from the citations of handed down documents.Zi Tong inherits and develops Shuo Wen(《说文》)in the definition of receiving characters.By comparing the related items,we can intuitively reflect the similarities and differences between them and we can see the development and changes of characters and meanings from ancient Chinese to middle Chinese.In terms of word collection,the total number of words collected in Zi Tong exceeds that in Shuo Wen,which not only supplements a certain number of words lost in Shuo Wen,but also includes related variant characters and new words produced after the Eastern Han Dynasty.In terms of interpretation,Zi Tong,on the one hand,follows the interpretation of Shuo Wen;on the other hand,it is quite original and it also explains the extended meaning and borrowed meaning of Chinese characters.

关 键 词：《说文解字》 《字统》 文字 词汇 汉语史 

分 类 号：H13[语言文字—汉语]