论海洋环境民事公益诉讼中的检察机关支持起诉  

On the Support for Prosecution by Procuratorial Organs in Civil Public Interest Litigation of Marine Environment

作　　者：赵向华 ZHAO Xianghua(School of Humanities and Law,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学文法学院,江苏连云港222005

出　　处：《江苏海洋大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第3期36-43,共8页Journal of Jiangsu Ocean University（Humanities & Social Sciences Edition）

基　　金：江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究重大项目(2019SJZDA016)。

摘　　要：支持法定主体提起海洋环境民事公益诉讼是检察机关依法履行检察职能、服务海洋强国建设的重要路径。检察机关支持海洋环境民事公益诉讼的规范依据应是《民事诉讼法》第58条及《海洋自然资源与生态环境公益诉讼规定》等司法解释的规定,将其他法律规定作为规范依据是对现行法的错误解读。关于支持起诉的对象,在解释上存在多元化与一元化之争。相较于多元化而言,以依法行使海洋环境监督管理权的部门为唯一支持对象的一元化更加契合当前的司法实践。为了约束检察机关支持起诉的自由裁量权,应当制定明确的支持起诉标准,规定在该标准之下支持起诉既是检察机关的权力也是其职责所在,同时建立检察机关未依法履行支持起诉职责的救济机制。检察机关支持起诉应及于诉前阶段,这将更有助于海洋环境民事公益诉讼检察机关支持起诉制度发挥预期的功能。Supporting legal entities to file civil public interest litigation on the marine environment is an important path for procuratorial organs to perform procuratorial functions according to law and serve the construction of a maritime power.The normative basis for procuratorial organs to support civil public interest litigation in the marine environment should be the provisions of judicial interpretations such as Article 58 of Civil Procedure Law and Provisions on Public Interest Litigation in the Marine Natural Resources and Ecological Environment.Taking other legal provisions as the normative basis is a misinterpretation of the current law.Regarding the object of support for prosecution,there is a dispute between diversification and unification in interpretation.Compared to diversification,the unification of departments that exercise the power of marine environmental supervision and management in accordance with the law as the sole support object is more in line with current judicial practice.In order to restrict the discretionary power of procuratorial organs to support prosecution,clear standards for supporting prosecution should be formulated,stipulating that supporting prosecution under this standard is both the power and responsibility of procuratorial organs,and establishing a relief mechanism for procuratorial organs failing to fulfill their responsibilities to support prosecution in accordance with the law.Prosecutorial support for prosecution should extend to the pre litigation stage,which will be more conducive to the expected function of the prosecution system for civil public interest litigation in the marine environment.

关 键 词：海洋环境民事公益诉讼 检察机关 支持起诉 

分 类 号：D925.1[政治法律—诉讼法学] D926.3[政治法律—法学]