直升机旋翼噪声主动控制算法的研究  

Research on Active Control Algorithm of Helicopter Rotor Noise

作　　者：吕收 冷洁 张飞飞 周运发 LV Shou;LENG Jie;ZHANG Feifei;ZHOU Yunfa(Naval Aeronautical University(Qingdao Branch),Qingdao,Shandong 266041,China)

机构地区：[1]海军航空大学青岛校区,山东青岛266041

出　　处：《自动化应用》2023年第8期189-192,195,共5页Automation Application

摘　　要：为有效降低直升机旋翼噪声,利用FXLMS算法建立主动控制系统模型,缓解了LMS算法中收敛速度和稳态误差之间存在的矛盾。由于在线建模计算量大,估计不准确,采用LMS算法的横向FIR滤波器作为建模滤波器,利用离线辨识方法识别次级声通道。分析了直升机旋翼的噪声特性,并利用直升机的旋翼转速构造出声源参考信号,避免次级声源干扰参考信号,提高了控制系统的稳定性。为评估主动噪声控制系统的降噪效果,仿真研究了滤波器阶数L和收敛因子μ对系统收敛速度和稳定性的影响,研究结果表明,选取的滤波器阶数L和收敛因子μ值大小合适时,可有效降低直升机的旋翼噪声。当滤波器阶数L为20、收敛因子μ为0.01时,降噪效果最为理想,降噪量可达19.8 dB,同时系统稳定性较好。本文对FXLMS算法中收敛因子和滤波器阶数进行了优化选取,能够有效控制直升机旋翼噪声。In order to effectively reduce the helicopter rotor noise,the FXLMS algorithm is used to establish the active control system model,which alleviates the contradiction between the convergence rate and the steady-state error in the LMS algorithm.Due to the large amount of online modeling calculation and inaccurate estimation,the LMS algorithm′s transverse FIR filter is used as the modeling filter,and the offline identification method is used to identify the secondary sound channel.The noise characteristics of the helicopter rotor are analyzed,and the reference signal of the sound source is constructed by using the rotor speed of the helicopter,which can avoid the interference of the secondary sound source to the reference signal,and improve the stability of the control system.In order to evaluate the noise reduction effect of the active noise control system,the influence of filter orderand convergence factoron the convergence speed and stability of the system is simulated.The research results show that the rotor noise of the helicopter can be effectively reduced when the selected filter orderand convergence factorvalue are appropriate.When the order of the filteris 20 and the convergence factoris 0.01,the noise reduction effect is the best,and the amount of noise reduction can reach 19.8 dB.At the same time,the stability of the system is good.In this paper,the convergence factor and filter order of FXLMS algorithm are optimized,which can effectively control helicopter rotor noise.

关 键 词：FXLMS算法 主动控制 旋翼噪声 转速 

分 类 号：TP277[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]