一株聚酯型聚氨酯降解菌高地芽孢杆菌YX8-1的分离及鉴定  

Isolation and identification of a polyester-polyurethane degrading bacterium Bacillus altitudinis YX8-1

作　　者：曾彩婷 纪俊宾 丁方慧 李周坤[1] 曹慧[1] 崔中利[1] 闫新[1] ZENG Caiting;JI Junbin;DING Fanghui;LI Zhoukun;CAO Hui;CUI Zhongli;YAN Xin(College of Life Sciences,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学生命科学学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《生物工程学报》2023年第5期1976-1986,共11页Chinese Journal of Biotechnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2021YFC2103600);南京农业大学大学生创新训练项目计划(202210307004Z)。

摘　　要：聚氨酯(polyurethane,PUR)塑料在日常生活中发挥着重要作用,但同时PUR废弃物也带来严重的环境污染问题。生物(酶)降解是一种环境友好、成本低廉的PUR废弃物回收方法,其关键在于获得高效的降解菌株或酶。本研究从垃圾填埋场的聚氨酯废弃物表面分离出了一株聚酯型PUR降解菌株YX8-1。基于菌落和显微形态观察、16S rDNA和DNA旋转酶(DNA gyrase)基因gyrA系统发育分析及基因组序列比对,将该菌鉴定为高地芽孢杆菌(Bacillus altitudinis)。高效液相色谱(high performance liquid chromatography,HPLC)及液相色谱-质谱联用(liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry,LC-MS/MS)结果显示菌株YX8-1能降解自行合成的聚酯型PUR寡聚物(PBA-PU),并产生单体化合物4,4′-亚甲基二苯胺。此外,菌株YX8-1能在30 d内使商品化的聚酯型PUR海绵失重32%。本研究为PUR废弃物的生物降解提供了菌株资源,也为挖掘相关降解酶打下了基础。Although polyurethane(PUR)plastics play important roles in daily life,its wastes bring serious environmental pollutions.Biological(enzymatic)degradation is considered as an environmentally friendly and low-cost method for PUR waste recycling,in which the efficient PUR-degrading strains or enzymes are crucial.In this work,a polyester PUR-degrading strain YX8-1 was isolated from the surface of PUR waste collected from a landfill.Based on colony morphology and micromorphology observation,phylogenetic analysis of 16S rDNA and gyrA gene,as well as genome sequence comparison,strain YX8-1 was identified as Bacillus altitudinis.The results of high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS)showed that strain YX8-1 was able to depolymerize self-synthesized polyester PUR oligomer(PBA-PU)to produce a monomeric compound 4,4′-methylene diphenylamine.Furthermore,strain YX8-1 was able to degrade 32%of the commercialized polyester PUR sponges within 30 days.This study thus provides a strain capable of biodegradation of PUR waste,which may facilitate the mining of related degrading enzymes.

关 键 词：聚氨酯塑料 生物降解 塑料废弃物回收 高地芽孢杆菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X705