稀疏广义S变换及其在储层地震低频异常检测中的应用  

Sparse generalized S-Transform and its application to detection of low-frequency seismic anomalies in reservoirs

作　　者：刘俊杰 陈学华[1,2] 吴昊杰 张杰[2] 姜晓敏 LIU Junjie;CHENG Xuehua;WU Haojie;ZHANG Jie;JIANG Xiaomin(State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan610059,China;Key Laboratory of Earth Exp1oration and Information Technology of Ministry of Education,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu,Sichuan610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学油气藏地质及开发工程国家重点实验室,四川成都610059 [2]成都理工大学地球勘探与信息技术教育部重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《石油地球物理勘探》2023年第3期690-699,共10页Oil Geophysical Prospecting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“致密储层裂缝系统诱发地震异常的机理及其与储层产能的关系”(41874143);中央引导地方科技发展资金项目“裂缝介质的动态岩石物理力学与地震波传播机理”(2021ZYD0037)联合资助。

摘　　要：时频分析(TF)是地震资料处理与解释中非常重要的方法之一,时频分辨率是高精度储层预测的关键参数。常规S变换及广义S变换的时频分辨率已难以满足高精度储层预测的需求。为此,将稀疏约束的思想引入TF中,在利用广义S变换参数可灵活调节的基础上,通过优化窗矩阵构建一种稀疏广义S变换方法。合成信号的对比分析结果表明,稀疏广义S变换方法能够获得时频分辨率更高、能量聚集性更好的时频分布,在高频和低频部分均能保持较高的时间分辨率。在实际地震数据的低频阴影检测中,该方法能更清楚地刻画油气储层的空间展布,有利于减小油气储层检测的多解性。Time-frequency analysis is an important method in seismic data processing and interpretation.Timefrequency resolution is the key to high-precision reservoir prediction,but the time-frequency resolution of conventional and generalized S-Transform cannot meet the needs of high-precision reservoir prediction.Therefore,this paper introduces the idea of sparse constraint into the time-frequency analysis,and constructs a sparse generalized S-Transform method by optimizing the window matrix based on flexibly adjusted generalized S-Transform parameters.The comparative analysis of synthesized signals shows that the sparse generalized S-Transform method can obtain the time-frequency distribution with higher time-frequency resolution and better energy aggregation,and maintain high time resolution at both high and low frequencies.In the low-frequency shadow detection of actual seismic data,the proposed method can describe the spatial distribution of oil and gas reservoirs more clearly,which is beneficial to reduce the multi-solution of oil and gas reservoir detection.

关 键 词：时频分析(TF) 广义S变换 低频阴影 稀疏约束 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]