国家产品质量监测制度:调查方案与实践应用  

National Product Quality Monitoring System:Survey Scheme and Practical Application

作　　者：曹婧文 宗习均 Cao Jingwen;Zong Xijun(Avic China Aero-Polytechnology Establishment)

机构地区：[1]中国航空综合技术研究所 [2]航空工业综合技术研究所

出　　处：《调研世界》2023年第5期76-88,共13页The World of Survey and Research

摘　　要：国家产品质量监测制度在我国政府质量评价中,发挥着越来越广泛的作用。样本量确定、样本量分配、实际精度计算、结果应用等,是该制度的重要内容。常规的统计调查设计,一般基于精度要求等计算样本量,而国家产品质量监测制度采用复杂的多阶段抽样。除精度要求外,还要结合各阶段现实条件的限制,综合使用辅助信息,探讨如何确定初始样本量、开展样本量分配。本文针对国家产品质量监测样本量设定与分配等关键问题,对我国现行模式加以梳理,对监测得出的统计数据进行分析,为产品质量监测制度的完善对策提供参考。研究发现:(1)我国各省(区、市)产品质量水平“南北方地区差异”进一步凸显;(2)学生、儿童、老人、残疾人等特殊群体专用产品质量仍然较低;(3)城乡结合部、农村市场等领域低质低价产品需求旺盛;(4)部分产业链上下游质量整体水平不高。After years of development,the national product quality monitoring system has continuously improved its methodological system and design framework.It has become one of the main methods of government quality evaluation and product quality and safety supervision in China,and has been used more and more widely.It is necessary and meaningful to study how the system carries out the determination of the initial sample size,the use of sampling auxiliary information,the allocation and adjustment of the sample size,the calculation of the actual accuracy,and the analysis of the monitoring results to reflect the trend of national product quality changes.Aiming at the key issues of setting and adjusting the initial sample size of national product quality monitoring,this paper systematically sorts out the current model in China,analyzes the statistical data obtained from the monitoring,and provides a reference for the improvement of the product quality monitoring system.

关 键 词：产品质量 样本量 辅助信息 政府统计 

分 类 号：F249.2[经济管理—劳动经济]