植物类病变形成机制与信号传导途径  

Development mechanism and signal transduction pathway of lesion mimic mutation in plants

作　　者：叶刚 敖曼[1] 崔震海 范可馨 关义新[1] YE Gang;AO Man;CUI Zhenhai;FAN Kexin;GUAN Yixin(Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changchun 130102,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所,吉林长春130102 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《土壤与作物》2023年第2期117-129,共13页Soils and Crops

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA24030103)。

摘　　要：植物类病变是指植物在无显著非生物胁迫、物理机械损伤或者外部致病因素的作用下,其叶片、叶鞘或整株上自发地出现坏死斑点的现象。这种局部细胞死亡的现象类似于某些致病菌感染的结果,其症状与植物超敏反应(Hypersensitive response, HR)的表征极为相似,是一种程序性细胞死亡(Programmed cell death, PCD)。许多类病变突变体组成性表达病程相关基因,并增强对某种或多种病原微生物的抗性,因而类病变突变体可作为研究植物防御反应和PCD的理想材料。本文对植物类病变突变体的来源、命名、类型、遗传方式、抗性特点、基因克隆、形成机制以及信号传导途径进行了总结,并展望了植物类病变突变体未来的研究方向,以期为进一步探索PCD调控机制和防御反应作用机理提供理论依据。Plant lesion mimic mutation is a phenomenon that plant leaves,sheaths or the whole plant spontaneously generate necrotic lesions of the pathogen infection without significant abiotic stress,physical and mechanical damage or external pathogenic factors.The phenomenon of local cell death is similar to the symptoms of hypersensitive response(HR),which is a kind of programmed cell death(PCD).Many lesion mutants constitutively express pathogenesis-related genes and enhance the resistance to some pathogens.Therefore,lesion mimic mutants can be used as ideal materials for studying plant defense response and PCD.This review summarized the origin,name,type,inheritance,resistance characteristic,gene clone,development mechanism and signal transduction pathway.Future research avenue of plant lesion mutants was prospected,which may provide theoretical basis for further exploration of the regulatory mechanism of plant PCD and defense response.

关 键 词：类病变 程序性细胞死亡 防御反应 形成机制 信号传导途径 

分 类 号：S432.1[农业科学—植物病理学]