限饲条件下不同饲养时长对育肥猪胴体品质、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响  

Effects of Different Feeding Time under Restricted Feeding Conditions on Carcass Quality,Meat Quality and Serum Biochemical Indices of Finishing Pigs

作　　者：陈思思 韩萌萌 龚赛明 殷运菊 罗杰[4] 舒剑成[4] 邓敦[4] 杨飞来[4] 李凤娜[1,2] 郭秋平 CHEN Sisi;HAN Mengmeng;GONG Saiming;YIN Yunju;LUO Jie;SHU Jiancheng;DENG Dun;YANG Feilai;LI Fengna;GUO Qiuping(Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process,Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region,Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China;Tangrenshen Group Limited Company,Zhuzhou 412007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所亚热带农业生态过程重点实验室,动物营养生理与代谢过程湖南省重点实验室,长沙410125 [2]中国科学院大学现代农业科学学院,北京100049 [3]湖南农业大学动物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [4]唐人神集团股份有限公司,株洲412007

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第5期2847-2858,共12页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：湖南省重点研发计划项目(2022NK2026)。

摘　　要：本试验旨在研究限饲条件下不同饲养时长对育肥猪胴体品质、肉品质和血清生化指标的影响。选取体况良好、体重[(10.11±0.10)kg]接近的三元杂交断奶仔猪30只,随机分为3组(每组10个重复,每个重复1只):A组(饲养5个月)、B组(饲养6个月)、C组(饲养7个月)。B组和C组采食量分别控制为A组的85%和80%,3组于不同时间开始,待3组试验猪平均体重达到120 kg后,同时屠宰。结果表明:与A组相比,1)B组和C组的平均日增重和平均日采食量显著降低(P<0.05),胴体直长显著提高(P<0.05);B组的背膘厚度显著降低(P<0.05);B组和C组的宰后45 min的背最长肌红度(a^(*))值显著提高(P<0.05),亮度(L^(*))值显著降低(P<0.05);2)B组的血清尿素氮含量显著降低(P<0.05),C组的血清总蛋白、白蛋白、葡萄糖、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和游离脂肪酸含量显著降低(P<0.05),B组和C组的血清高密度脂蛋白胆固醇含量显著提高(P<0.05);3)B组的背最长肌甜味氨基酸丝氨酸、甘氨酸和精氨酸味道强度值显著提高(P<0.05),B组和C组的背最长肌苦味氨基酸苯丙氨酸味道强度值显著降低(P<0.05)。4)B组的背最长肌中C18∶3n3和C20∶2比例显著提高(P<0.05),C组的背最长肌C18∶3n3、C20∶2、C22∶6n3和总n-3多不饱和脂肪酸的比例显著提高(P<0.05);5)B组和C组的背最长肌葡萄糖含量和猪己糖激酶活性显著提高(P<0.05),C组的背最长肌糖酵解潜力和糖原含量显著降低(P<0.05),B组和C组的背最长肌肌球蛋白重链ⅠmRNA相对表达水平显著提高(P<0.05)。综上所述,限饲条件下延长饲养时长至7个月可改善育肥猪背最长肌脂肪酸组成和肌纤维类型组成,提高肉品质,但降低了生长性能,在一定程度上增加了造肉成本。This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different feeding time under restricted feeding conditions on carcass quality,meat quality and serum biochemical indices of finishing pigs.Thirty healthy three-way crossbred weaned piglets with similar body weight[(10.11±0.10)kg]were randomly divided into 3 groups(10 replicates in each group and 1 piglet in cah replicate):group A(feeding for 5 months),group B(feeding for 6 months)and group C(feeding for 7 months).The feed intake was controlled to 85%and 80%of group A,respectively,the 3 groups started at different time,when the average weight of experimental pigs in 3 groups reached 120 kg,slaughtered at the same time.The results showed that compared with the group A:1)the average daily gain and average daily feed intake of groups B and C were significantly decreased(P<0.05),the carcass straight length was significantly increased(P<0.05);the backfat thickness of group B was significantly decreased(P<0.05);the longissimus dorsi redness(a^(*))value at 45 min after slaughter of groups B and C was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the brightness(L^(*))value was significantly decreased(P<0.05);2)the serum urea nitrogen content of group B was significantly decreased(P<0.05),the contents of total protein,albumin,glucose,cholesterol,low density lipoprotein cholesterol and free fatty acid in serum of group C were significantly decreased(P<0.05),and the serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol content of groups B and C was significantly increased(P<0.05);3)the taste strength value of sweet amino acids,such as serine,glycine and arginine in longissimus dorsi of group B was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the taste strength value of bitter amino acid,such as phenylalanine in longissimus dorsi of groups B and C was significantly decreased(P<0.05);4)the proportions of C18∶3n3 and C20∶2 in longissimus dorsi of group B were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the proportions of C18∶3n3,C20∶2,C22∶6n3 and total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in longissi

关 键 词：限饲 肉品质 肌纤维类型 育肥猪 

分 类 号：S828[农业科学—畜牧学]