1625年格勒珠尔根城之战的真相——兼考筑城背景及城名含义  

The Truth About the"Battle of Geljurgen"in 1625:An Examination of the Background of the Fortification and the Meaning of the City's Name

作　　者：玉芝 Yuzhi(Department of Mongolian History,Inner Mongolia University)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学蒙古历史学系,呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《清史研究》2023年第3期39-49,共11页The Qing History Journal

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“清代蒙古高原历史地理研究”(14DZB037)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：1623年,嫩科尔沁最高首领奥巴在努尔哈赤唆使下称汗,次年又与后金结成反林丹汗联盟,并在努尔哈赤建议下在嫩江左岸修筑格勒珠尔根城(意为“无畏城”),以防备蒙古大汗林丹汗。恰在此时,林丹汗堂叔扎尔布台吉等投奔奥巴,使双方矛盾加剧。1625年冬,林丹汗出兵围困奥巴于格勒珠尔根城,索要扎尔布等。奥巴向其盟友后金求救,努尔哈赤率兵出援,至开原城,因畏惧林丹汗而撤兵。奥巴孤立无援,被迫执扎尔布等与林丹汗,林丹汗撤兵。清代官书所谓林丹汗因畏惧后金援兵而从格勒珠尔根城撤围一说不可信。In 1623,Ooba,the tribal leader of Nun-Khorchin Mongols,was proclaimed Khan under the instigation of Nurhaci.The following year,he formed an anti-Ligden Khan the Mongolian great Khan alliance with the Aisin Guruin,and under Nurhaci's suggestion,he built the city of Geljurgen("Fearless City"in Manchu)on the left bank of the Nenjiang River in preparation against any threat from Ligden Khan.At this time,Ligden Khan's uncle Zalbu Taiji and others defected to Ooba,which intensified the contradictions between both sides.In the winter of 1625,Ligden Khan sent troops to besiege Ooba in the city of Geljurgen,demanding Zalbu Taiji and others.Ooba asked his ally the Aisin Gurin for help.Nurhaci led troops to Kaiyuan City.However,Nurhaci withdrew the troops since he was afraid of Ligden Khan.This left Ooba without any options.Resigned to his fate,Ooba was forced to capture Zalbu Taiji and others and turn them over to Ligden Khan.After that Ligden Khan withdrew his troops.There are no reliable official sources from the Qing period that indicate that Ligden Khan retreated from the siege because he was afraid of the Aisin Guruin.

关 键 词：格勒珠尔根城之战 林丹汗 嫩科尔沁 后金 

分 类 号：K249.10[历史地理—历史学]