唐宋墓葬腰坑研究  

A Study of the Waist Pits in Tang and Song Tombs

作　　者：葛林杰 GE Lin-jie(School of History and Social Sciences,Chongqing Normal University,Chongqing,401331)

机构地区：[1]重庆师范大学历史与社会学院,重庆401331

出　　处：《东南文化》2023年第2期116-127,共12页Southeast Culture

基　　金：2019年度重庆市社会科学规划委托项目“宋元明时期仿古器的考古学研究”(2019WT14);2021年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学重点研究基地项目“区域交流视野下南方地区宋元明墓葬的考古学研究”(21SKJD048)成果之一。

摘　　要：唐宋墓葬的腰坑在盛唐至中唐时期出现于东北及华北地区,晚唐五代以降其分布范围逐渐由北方向东南、西南等地区转移;使用人群由武将出身的勋贵及家属逐渐扩大到文官甚至平民,其分布范围的变迁反映了北方道教葬仪的南传,且与北方人口南迁有关。唐宋腰坑葬俗具有安魂镇墓、保佑子孙的功能,其产生与流行可能源于唐代生宅厌镇的习俗。The Tang and Song tombs with waist pits appeared in the northeast and north China during the period from the Sheng Tang to the Middle Tang,and their distribution range gradually shifted from the north to southeast and southwest since the late Tang and Five Dynasties.The people who used them gradually expanded from the nobles and families of military generals to civil officials and even civilians.The change of their distribution reflected the southward transmission of Taoist burial rites in the north and was related to the southward migration of the northern population.The tombs with waist pits were believed to have the function of resting the soul,guarding the tomb,and blessing the descendants.Their generation and popularity may be associated with the custom of guarding the living houses.

关 键 词：唐 宋 墓葬 腰坑 道教 渊源 北人南迁 

分 类 号：K871.43[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学] K871.44[历史地理—历史学]