涂饰对贵州民族木结构建筑用材表面色差及防腐性能的影响  

The Effect of Finishing Treatment on the Surface Color Difference and Decay Resistance Performance of National Wooden Structure Building Materials in Guizhou Province

作　　者：刘人源 曾珠亮[1] 李权[1] LIU Renyuan;ZENG Zhuliang;LI Quan(Kaili University,Kaili 556011,China)

机构地区：[1]凯里学院,贵州凯里556011

出　　处：《森林工程》2023年第3期100-106,共7页Forest Engineering

基　　金：贵州省教育厅青年科技人才项目(黔教合KY字[2022]075号;黔教合KY字[2020]177号);黔东南州科技计划项目(黔东南科合基础[2022]17号);贵州省科技厅“千”层次人才培养项目(黔千层人才[2021]201603)。

摘　　要：为明确不同涂饰处理对民族木结构建筑用材表面色差及防腐性能的影响,使用桐油和醇酸清漆涂饰马尾松(Pinus massoniana)、杉木(Cunninghamia lanceolata)和枫香(Liquidambar formosana)试样,并对3种试样涂饰前后的表面色差及耐腐性能进行检测和分析。结果表明,桐油和醇酸清漆对试样涂饰色差效果的影响规律大体相似。横切面和径切面在色差参数指标方面有较大差异,经涂饰处理后的3种试样均表现为明度(L*)降低,红绿轴色品指数(a*)、黄蓝轴色品指数(b*)和色度值(C)增大。3种试样横切面的L*均比径切面小,马尾松和枫香试样横切面的a*和b*比径切面大,而杉木则正好相反。经涂饰后的马尾松、杉木和枫香相比对照样在腐朽试验后的试样质量损失率明显降低,杉木在涂饰桐油的条件下对彩绒革盖菌(Coriolus versicolor)的耐腐效果能达到Ⅰ级强耐腐水平。在使用相同菌种的耐腐试验中,涂饰桐油的3个树种试样耐腐效果均要强于涂饰醇酸清漆。绵腐卧孔菌和密粘褶菌对马尾松和杉木的腐朽效果大,而彩绒革盖菌对枫香的腐朽效果最大。扫描电镜(SEM)研究结果进一步证实桐油相对醇酸清漆对马尾松和杉木的保护效果更好。In order to clarify the influence of different finishing treatments on the surface color difference and decay resistance performance of national wood structure building materials,tung oil and alkyd varnish were used to coat Pinus massoniana,Cunninghamia lanceolata,Liquidambar formosana Hance samples,and the surface color difference and decay resistance of the three samples before and after coating were tested and analyzed.The results showed that the effect rules of tung oil and alkyd varnish on the color difference of the sample were generally similar.There was a big difference in the chromatic aberration parameters between the transection and the radial section.After finishing treatment,all three samples showed a decrease in lightness(L*),an increase in red-green color index(a*),yellow-blue color index(b*)and chromaticity value(C).The L*of the transection of the three samples was smaller than that of the radial section.The a*and b*of the transection of the P.massoniana and Liquidambar formosana samples were larger than the radial section,but the opposite is true for C.lanceolata.The mass loss rate of the coated P.massoniana,C.lanceolata and L.formosana was significantly lower than the control sample after the decay test,and the decay resistance of C.lanceolata against Coriolus versicolor under the condition of coating with tung oil could reach the I level(strong decay resistance).In the decay resistance test using the same fungi,the decay resistance of the three tree species samples coated with tung oil was stronger than that of the coated alkyd varnish.The decay effect of Poria vaporaria and Gloeophyllum trabeum was greater on the decay of P.massoniana and C.lanceolata,while the decay effect of C.versicolor on Liquidambar formosana was the greatest.The results of SEM research further confirmed that tung oil had a better protective effect on Pinus massoniana and Cunninghamia lanceolata than alkyd varnish.

关 键 词：木结构 腐朽菌 耐腐 色差指标 扫描电镜 

分 类 号：S781.9[农业科学—木材科学与技术]