司法介入高校授予学位的正当依据与审查权限  

Legitimate Basis and Review Authority for Judicial Intervention in the Granting of Degrees by Universities

作　　者：魏文松 WEI Wen-song(Law School,Southeast University,Nanjing Jiangsu 211189,China)

机构地区：[1]东南大学法学院,江苏南京211189

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（教育科学版）》2023年第2期52-61,共10页Journal of Soochow University(Educational Science Edition)

基　　金：2021年度教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目“教育法法典化视野下的公民受教育权保障研究”(项目编号:21JJD820010);2021年国家社科基金后期资助项目“普惠性基础性兜底性民生保障法律制度研究”(项目编号:21FFXB003);2022年度江苏省教育科学规划重点课题“中国特色学位制度的立法完善与实践问题研究”(项目编号:B/2022/01/53)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：司法介入高校授予学位的限度与强度既是教育司法实践的重要议题,也在一定程度上影响着学位立法的完善与实施。就其司法实践而言,一些典型的学位纠纷案件集中呈现了司法介入高校授予学位的实践图景,同时揭示了学位授予纠纷司法审查开展所面临的现实困境。就其正当依据而言,可以从司法监督高校学位授予权的法理基础、法院享有审查高校不作为的法定权限、授予学位参与主体法律关系的基本属性以及法院具有平衡高校与学生权益的司法功能等方面进行阐释。就其审查权限而言,首先应当确立司法介入高校授予学位的审查原则,法院能够对高校学位授予细则开展差异化审查,并有权就授予学位的否定条件进行事实认定;同时应对法院纠正高校授予学位不当行为的判决方式进行限制。The limits and the intensity of judicial intervention in universities’degree-granting practices is an important issue in educational judicial practice and,to a certain extent,affects the improvement and implementation of degree legislation.As far as judicial practice is concerned,some typical degree dispute cases focus on the practice of judicial intervention in the granting of degrees by universities and reveal the practical difficulties faced by the judicial review of degree conferral disputes.With regards to legitimate basis,the issue can be examined from the legal basis of judicial supervision of the universities’degree-granting right,the statutory authority of courts to review the inaction of universities,the division of types of legal relationships between subjects involved in awarding degrees,and the judicial function of courts to balance the rights and interests of universities and students.With regards to review authority,the principle of judicial intervention in the review of the universities’degree-granting practices should first be established,and the court can carry out a differentiated review of the detailed rules for the universities’degree-granting practices and has the right to make factual determinations on the negative conditions for the awarding of degrees,and at the same time should restrict the corrective interventions of the improper practices of the university in awarding degrees.

关 键 词：学位授予纠纷 学位立法 程序空转 学位获得权 差异化审查 

分 类 号：G649.2[文化科学—高等教育学] D922.16[文化科学—教育学]