竞技体操连接加分动作编排发展趋势与应对策略  

Development Trend and Countermeasures of Movement Arrangement for Connection Scores in Artistic Gymnastics

作　　者：吕敏[1,2] 陈辉[3] 何卫[4] 黄俊亚[1] 李楠[5] LYU Min;CHEN Hui;HE Wei;HUANG Junya;LI Nan(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China;Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Chongqing University of Education,Chongqing 400067,China;China Institute of Sport Science,Beijing 100061,China;Xuzhou Medical University,Xuzhou 221004,China.)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084 [2]贵州大学,贵州贵阳550025 [3]重庆第二师范学院,重庆400067 [4]国家体育总局体育科学研究所,北京100061 [5]徐州医科大学,江苏徐州221004

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第5期12-19,共8页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：全国教育科学“十三五”规划教育部青年课题(ELA200416)。

摘　　要：运用录像解析和数理统计等方法,统计分析第47~49届世界体操锦标赛、第32届夏季奥林匹克运动会和第14届全运会自由体操、单杠、高低杠和平衡木等项目决赛前8名运动员连接加分动作编排情况,梳理连接加分项目评分规则变化,并探讨竞技体操连接加分动作编排发展趋势及我国应对策略。结果表明:1)东京奥运周期男子自由体操、女子高低杠和女子平衡木项目连接加分与难度分显著相关(P<0.01),单杠项目连接加分与完成分显著相关(P<0.01),女子自由体操项目连接加分与各项得分无显著相关(P>0.05);2)我国自由体操和单杠项目连接加分分值较低,高低杠和平衡木项目连接加分动作编排占优,高难度连接加分动作编排与完成质量有待提升;3)巴黎奥运周期连接加分规则变化促使运动员成套难度技术动作编排朝多元化、多样化趋势发展,单个高难技术动作编排数量增加,运动员完成比赛成套技术动作将更具挑战性、惊险性与观赏性。建议精准把控与应对连接加分规则变化及潜在影响;加强运动员技术难度与动作连接方式多维创新;突出体能训练对于提升动作完成质量与效率的支撑作用;注重技术动作训练的数字化与智能化反馈;筑牢赛前竞技状态调控的有效性与临场发挥的稳定性。By using the methods of video analysis and mathematical statistics,this paper makes a statistical analysis on the movement arrangement for connection scores of the top eight athletes in the 47th to 49th World Gymnastics Championships,Games of theⅩⅩⅫOlympiad and the 14th National Games,such as floor exercise,horizontal bar,uneven bars and balance beam.It reviews the change of scoring rules of connection and scoring items,and discusses the development trend of movement arrangement for connection scores in Artistic Gymnastics and the countermeasures in China.The results showed that:1)The connection scores of men’s floor exercise,women’s uneven bars and balance beam in the Tokyo Olympic cycle were significantly correlated with difficulty scores(P<0.01).Horizontal bar connection score was significantly correlated with completion score(P<0.01).Women’s floor exercise project connection score had no significant correlation with each score(P>0.05).2)China’s floor exercise and horizontal bar project movement arrangement for connection scores is weak,and uneven bars and balance beam project movement arrangement for connection scores is dominant,but high difficulty movement arrangement for connection scores and completion quality need to be improved.3)The change of connection scoring rules in the Paris Olympic cycle promotes the development of athletes’complete set of difficult technical movements towards variety and diversity.The number of single difficult technical movements is increased,and the complete set of technical movements will be more challenging,alarming and ornamental.The study suggests that we should accurately control and respond to the change of connection rules and its potential impact,strengthen the multidimensional innovation of athletes’technical difficulty and action connection mode,highlight the supporting role of physical training in improving the quality and efficiency of action completion,pay attention to the digital and intelligent feedback of technical action training,and build up

关 键 词：竞技体操 动作编排 连接加分 评分规则 

分 类 号：G832[文化科学—体育训练]