中等强度运动积极影响注意缺陷多动障碍儿童的问题行为及心率变异性研究  

Research on Positive Effects of Moderate-Intensity Exercise on Problem Behaviors and Heart Rate Variability in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

作　　者：苏余 张韧仁[1] 何毅[1] SU Yu;ZHANG Renren;HE Yi(Sichuan Normal University,Chengdu 610101,China.)

机构地区：[1]四川师范大学,四川成都610101

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2023年第5期43-51,共9页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：四川省教育厅第二批省级教育体制机制改革试点项目(G8-02);四川省科技计划项目(2022JDR0182)。

摘　　要：目的:探究单次中等强度运动对注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)儿童问题行为和心率变异性(heart rate variability,HRV)的影响。方法:采用SNAP-IV量表测量13名ADHD儿童[男生10名,女生3名;(9.00±1.15)岁]完成1次20 min中等强度运动(挥拍运动、台阶测试、折返跑、开合跳)前、后的问题行为;采用芬兰心电图测试仪(Mega Faros 180)监测运动前、后以及运动期间HRV指标,并将运动前、后以及运动期间全程30 min均分为6个时段(t0~t5),分析不同时段HRV的变化特征以及时段差异。结果:1)运动后,ADHD儿童注意力不集中、多动冲动、对立违抗得分非常显著低于运动前(P<0.01);2)运动后,RMSSD、SDNN、HF、LF、TP显著低于运动前(P<0.05),LF/HF较运动前有上升趋势;3)运动期间时域指标RMSSD、SDNN时段差异显著,呈持续下降趋势(P<0.01),频域指标LF、TP、LF/HF时段差异显著,LF持续下降(P<0.05)、TP在t4时段明显下降(P<0.05)、LF/HF先上升后下降(P<0.01),HF时段差异不显著。结论:中等强度运动能在一定程度上弱化ADHD儿童负性情绪,有效改善问题行为、注意力不集中、多动冲动、对立违抗,运动期间伴随HRV降低且呈逐步下降趋势,提示,中等强度运动可以通过增强自主神经系统功能的调节能力为ADHD儿童问题行为的改善提供生理基础。Objective:To explore the effects of moderate-intensity exercise on problem behaviors and heart rate variability(HRV)in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD).Methods:Thirteen ADHD children(ten boys and three girls)(9.00±1.15)years old were required to complete a 20 min moderate-intensity exercise(swing movements,step tests,turn-back runs,opening and closing jumps).The problem behaviors were measured by the SNAP-IV scale before and after the exercise,and the HRV indicators were monitored by the Finnish electrocardiogram tester(Mega Faros 180)before,after,and during the exercise.The whole 30 min(before,after,and during the exercise)was divided into six time periods(t0~t5),and the variation characteristics and differences of HRV in different time periods were analyzed.Results:1)The scores of inattention,hyperactivity-impulsivity,and oppositional defiance of ADHD children after exercise are significantly lower than before exercise(P<0.01);2)RMSSD,SDNN,HF,LF,and TP after exercise are significantly lower than before exercise(P<0.05).LF/HF shows an increasing trend compared with before exercise;3)the time domain indicators RMSSD and SDNN during exercise have significant differences in time periods,with a continuous decreasing trend(P<0.01),and frequency domain indicators LF,TP,and LF/HF have significant differences in time periods,with a continuous decrease in LF(P<0.05),a significant decrease in TP at t4 time period(P<0.05),an increase and then a decrease in LF/HF(P<0.01),and a non-significant difference in HF time period.Conclusions:Moderate-intensity exercise can weaken the negative emotions of ADHD children to a certain extent,and effectively im‐prove problem behaviors,inattention,hyperactivity-impulsivity,and oppositional defiance are all effectively improved.During the exercise,HRV decreases gradually,suggesting that moder‐ateintensity exercise can provide a physiological basis for the improvement of problem behav‐iors of ADHD children by enhancing the ability to regulate autonomic ner

关 键 词：中等强度运动 注意缺陷多动障碍 儿童 心率变异性 问题行为 

分 类 号：G804.2[文化科学—运动人体科学]