阿尔都塞对马克思实践观的“科学”辨析  

Althusser's"Scientific"Analysis of Marx's View of Practice

作　　者：李瑞艳 Li Rui-yan

机构地区：[1]山西大学马克思主义哲学研究所

出　　处：《当代国外马克思主义评论》2022年第4期107-122,共16页Contemporary Marxism Review

基　　金：国家社科基金青年项目“结构主义思维范式下的唯物史观思想研究”(16CZX008)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：作为法国结构主义的马克思主义学派的创始人,阿尔都塞在《保卫马克思》《读《资本论》》《意识形态和意识形态的国家机器》等著作和文章中,基于马克思实践观的基本思想,对实践的基本内涵和理论形态进行了分门别类的划分和界定,对理论实践和意识形态实践进行了别样探讨,对马克思主义实践观的传承和发展做出了独创贡献。总体上看,这一实践观具有一种理性主义和结构主义的内在倾向和本质特征,一方面凸显了马克思主义理论的科学性,另一方面却以马克思主义实践的革命性的缺失为代价。因而,阿尔都塞的实践观仅仅是一种“理论的革命学”而非“实践的革命学”。As the founder of French Structuralist Marxism School,Althusser make a definition and division of the basic connotation and the theory form of practice based on Marx's practice viewpoint,in For Max,Reading Capital,Ideology and Ideological State Apparatus and other books and articles.It makes a unique contribution to the inheritance and development of Marxist practice concept.Generally speaking,this view of practice has an inherent tendency and essential characteristics of rationalism and structuralism.On the one hand,it highlights the scientific nature of Marxist theory,but on the other hand,it is at the cost of the lack of revolutionary nature of Marxist practice.Therefore,Althusser's view of practice is only a"theoretical revolution"rather than a"practical revolution".

关 键 词：实践观 理论实践 意识形态实践 科学性 革命性 

分 类 号：B023[哲学宗教—哲学理论] A81B565.59