历史距离与现代历史意识的嬗变  

Historical Distance and the Evolution of Modern Historical Consciousness

作　　者：张旭鹏 Zhang Xupeng

机构地区：[1]中国历史研究院历史理论研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《历史研究》2023年第2期161-183,M0007,M0008,共25页Historical Research

摘　　要：作为过去与现在关系的一种表达,历史距离体现过去与现在发生分离乃至断裂,进而获得不同的时间属性。而作为现代历史意识的产物,历史距离指历史学家与其研究对象之间被认可的时间限度,是历史学家认知与探究过去时应遵守的原则,也是历史认识和历史研究保持客观公正的前提。在现代阐释学和分析历史哲学,尤其是奥克肖特“实用的过去”观念影响下,过去与现在的关系得到重新解释。特别是“过去的在场”理念出现,进一步打破了过去与现在的界限,不仅让历史距离消失,也赋予现代历史意识更丰富的内涵。As an expression of the relationship between past and present,historical distance reflects a separation of the two,of even ruptures between them,granting the past a temporality distinct from that of the present.An outcome of modern historical consciousness,"historical distance"refers to the recognized limitations of time between historians and their research objects.This principle for historians to follow in thinking about and exploring the past also represents a prerequisite for the objective study and understanding of history.Under the influence of modern hermeneutics and analytical historical philosophy,especially Michael Oakeshott's concept of"the practical past",a reinterpretation of the relationship between the past and the present has taken place,particularly with the emergence of the notion of"the presence of the past"'further breaking down the boundaries between past and present.This has not only led to the vanishing of historical distance,but also is endowing modern historical consciousness with richer content.

关 键 词：历史距离 历史意识 历史记忆 后现代主义 奥克肖特 

分 类 号：K01[历史地理—历史学]