科学知识特征对基于科学的创新绩效的影响——基于仪器产业的分析  

The impact of scientific knowledge properties on science-based innovation performance——An analysis on the instrument industry

作　　者：李梦柯 王芳 赵兰香 LI Meng-ke;WANG Fang;ZHAO Lan-xiang(Institutes of Science and Development,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;School of Public Policy and Management,UCAS,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院,北京100190 [2]中国科学院大学公共政策与管理学院,北京100049

出　　处：《科学学研究》2023年第4期708-717,共10页Studies in Science of Science

基　　金：中国科学院科技战略咨询研究院国际合作项目(Y9X3581H);中国科学院学部咨询研究项目(Y9X0541501)。

摘　　要：追踪和探讨科学研究如何有效促进技术创新是创新管理与政策研究领域的重要问题。本文利用美国专利及商标局2005-2019年的专利数据与引用科学文献的数据,研究仪器产业科学知识的异质性特征对创新绩效的影响。研究发现科学关联度与科学质量均对专利质量表现出倒U型影响;仪器领域的技术创新对近期科学知识的依赖显著强于远期科学知识;知识来源多样性对专利质量表现出负向的影响,专利权人与科学文献作者来源的一致性对技术创新起到积极的促进作用,仪器创新呈现出高度的知识—技术区域集聚性特征。这些结论可为促进我国仪器产业自主创新提供一定的政策启示。Tracing and exploring how scientific research can effectively promote technological innovation is an important issue in the field of innovation management and policy research.Considering the important strategic position of the instrument industry and its close linkage with science,this paper investigates the heterogeneous impacts of the different properties of scientific knowledge on performance of science-based innovation in the instrument industry.It does so by analyzing granted patents data in the field of measurement in the US Patent and Trademark Office for the period from 2005 to 2019 and their citations data to scientific publications using negative bino-mial regression.The properties of scientific knowledge embedded in science-based innovation are measured in four dimensions,that is,degree of scientific linkage,quality of scientific knowledge,diversity of scientific knowledge sources,and spillover cycle of scientif-ic research.This paper contributes to understand the process of"science-based innovation"and enrich the relevant empirical evidence on the impacts of scientific knowledge on technological innovation.The main findings are as follows.Empirical analysis reveals an inverted U-shaped interaction between scientific knowledge and technological innovation.More specifically,both degree of science linkage and science quality have an inverted U-shaped effect on patent quality,measured by the number of citations.When the scientific quality exceeds a certain threshold,the number of forward citations of patents decreases.The increase in the quantity and quality of scientific knowledge increases the complexity of patents and thus may limit their proliferation.This finding indicates that factors such as industry characteristics,knowledge background complexity,stage of development of science and technology influence the interactive relationship between the development of technology and science.Instrument innovation,characterized with user innovation that are mainly research-ers and academic professionals,are cl

关 键 词：科学知识 专利引文 基于科学的创新 测量技术 仪器产业 

分 类 号：F273[经济管理—企业管理] G353[经济管理—国民经济]