晚古生代大冰期碳-水循环回顾与展望  

Carbon-water cycles during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age:Reviews and prospects

作　　者：仲钰天 陈吉涛 高彪 杨文莉 岳超盛 王向东 沈树忠 Yutian Zhong;Jitao Chen;Biao Gao;Wenli Yang;Chaosheng Yue;Xiangdong Wang;Shuzhong Shen(State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;State Key Laboratory for Mineral Deposits Research,Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling,School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210023,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所,现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [3]南京大学地球科学与工程学院,关键地球物质循环前沿科学中心,内生金属矿床成矿机制研究国家重点实验室,南京210023

出　　处：《科学通报》2023年第12期1544-1556,共13页Chinese Science Bulletin

基　　金：中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDB26000000);国家自然科学基金(42072035,42202117)资助。

摘　　要：晚古生代大冰期(360~260 Ma)是地球上自动植物繁盛以来持续时间最长的冰期事件,记录了陆地自有高等植被和复杂陆地生态系统以来,唯一的一次从“冰室气候”向“温室气候”的转变.针对晚古生代大冰期的研究大多聚焦于全球碳循环以及冰川性海平面变化等方面,对大冰期的水循环研究相对较少,并且其主要基于气候模拟研究结果.随着单颗粒锆石精确测年技术的应用,高精度的综合地层框架使得冈瓦纳中高纬度地区冰川消长与低纬度地区沉积记录、生物多样性与演化及各种全球地球化学记录建立时序关系,为研究地球循环系统和反馈机制提供了基础条件.目前,对晚古生代大冰期碳同位素变化趋势已有较好认识,存在3次显著的碳同位素正漂事件,依次为杜内中期、巴什基尔早期和阿瑟尔早期,并且在时间上与冈瓦纳大陆识别的3次冰川高峰吻合.在宾夕法尼亚亚纪卡西莫夫末期发生了一次短暂的碳同位素负漂事件,引起显著的全球变暖和海洋缺氧.冰川体积与古热带区域气候动态在天文轨道周期尺度至1~8个百万年的冰期-间冰期时间尺度上都具有耦合关系.在各种时间尺度上,晚古生代大冰期地球表层系统各个圈层之间的反馈过程都非常复杂.因此,今后需在高精度综合地层框架下,开展不同复杂程度的生物地球化学循环和地球系统模型等的模拟工作,以全面地揭示晚古生代大冰期碳-水循环关联机制.The Late Paleozoic Ice Age(LPIA,360–260 million years ago)is the thus far longest-lived icehouse climate and the only one that recorded a transition from an icehouse to a greenhouse climate since the appearance of advanced plants and a complex terrestrial ecosystem.The LPIA is often compared to the Cenozoic icehouse,which may provide a unique deeptime geological analogue to modern global warming.The LPIA began during the latest Devonian,expanded in the Late Mississippian,and reached its apex in the Middle-Late Pennsylvanian to earliest Permian.The LPIA ended in the latest Sakmarian,and gradually transitioned into a greenhouse climate during the late Early Permian,with the exception of alpine glaciations in the middle to late Permian in some regions such as East Australia.The glaciations mostly occurred in the Gondwana landmass of the Southern Hemisphere,and potentially in Siberia of the Northern Hemisphere.Most of the studies of the LPIA focus on global carbon cycling,including reconstructing carbon isotopes of marine dissolved inorganic carbon and the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide(pCO_(2)),as well as the driving mechanisms of carbon cycles.Water cycles of the LPIA are less studied,which mostly rely on numerical climate modeling.With the advance of singlezircon U-Pb age dating technology(i.e.,ID-TIMS),establishment of high-resolution,integrative stratigraphic frameworks guarantee precise correlation among high-latitude glaciation of Gondwana,low-latitude sedimentary responses,the evolution of biodiversity,and various biogeochemical records,which provide a fundamental basis for studies on interlinked processes and feedbacks among variable factors of the Earth surface system.The onset and demise of the LPIA are highly related to global carbon cycles,which were dominated by volcanic degassing,silicate weathering,and organic carbon burial—These were,in turn,influenced by a variety of factors,including global tectonics,volcanism,and the evolution of vegetation.Currently,three distinct positive carbon

关 键 词：石炭系 二叠系 碳循环 水循环 冰室气候 

分 类 号：P339[天文地球—水文科学] P534.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]