云南某边境地区吸毒人群苯丙胺类兴奋剂滥用的现况调查  

The patterns of amphetamine type stimulants abuse among drug abusers in the border areas of Yunnan Province

作　　者：李佳霜 李云鹏[3] 李静[1,2] 游晶 陆蓉[2] LI Jia-shuang;LI Yun-peng;LI Jing;YOU Jing;LU Rong(NHC Key Laboratory of Drug Addiction Medicine,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China;School of Public Health,Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650500,China;Yunnan Police College,Kunming 650223,China;Department of Geriatric Gastroenterology,the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University,Kunming 650032,China)

机构地区：[1]国家卫健委毒品依赖和戒治重点实验室,昆明医科大学,昆明650032 [2]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,昆明650500 [3]云南警官学院,昆明650223 [4]昆明医科大学第一附属医院,昆明650032

出　　处：《中国药物依赖性杂志》2023年第2期149-154,共6页Chinese Journal of Drug Dependence

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81760617);国家自然科学基金(81760111);国家卫健委毒品依赖和戒治重点实验室A类重点项目(2020DAMARA-003);云南省创新团队培育项目(202005AE160002)。

摘　　要：目的云南某边境地区吸毒人群苯丙胺类兴奋剂(amphetamine type stimulants,ATS)单一及多药滥用模式进行现况调查,探索其影响因素。方法2021年1月至7月期间,采用响应驱动抽样及连续抽样方法,对云南某边境地区406名吸毒者进行问卷调查。结果在406名吸毒者中,曾经滥用ATS者388名,ATS单一滥用者282名,ATS多药滥用者106名;吸毒人群中少数民族307名,男性383名,未婚282名,小学及初中文化195人,农民及其他职业315人;经济来源为主要为工作收入;有过跨境经历的目标人群占近三分之一;毒品首次使用呈现低龄化(22.4±7.3岁)。Logistic回归结果显示,是否从业、是否跨境和ATS使用频率为边境吸毒人群多药滥用的可能影响因素。结论云南边境地区吸毒人群苯丙胺类兴奋剂使用率高,有固定职业、有跨境经历且ATS使用频率高是影响ATS多药滥用的主要因素。应针对各类药物使用人群及不同年龄层吸毒者采取不同干预措施和治疗方法。Objective To investigate the single and multiple ATS abuse pattern among drug users in border areas of Yunnan and explore the influencing factors.Methods From January to July 2021,406 drug abusers in border areas were collected by response driven sampling and continuous sampling,and questionnaires were developed to conduct a cross-sectional study.Results Among 406 drug abusers,388 had used ATS.There were 282 ATS single abusers and 106 multiple drug abusers.Among the drug abusers,307 were ethnic minorities,383 were male,282 were unmarried,195 were in primary school and junior high school education level,and 315 were farmers and other occupations.Nearly one-third of the target population had cross-border experience and the first drug use showed a trend of younger age(22.4±7.3).Results of logistic regression suggested that employment status,cross-border behaviors and ATS use frequency might be influencing factors of single/multiple ATS abuse pattern among border drug users of Yunnan.Conclusion Amphetamine stimulants are widely used among drug abusers in Yunnan border areas.Fixed occupations,cross-border behaviors and high frequency of ATS use are main influencing factors of multiple ATS abuse pattern.It is suggested that different interventions and treatments should be adopted for drug users of different age and drug type groups.

关 键 词：云南边境地区 吸毒人群 苯丙胺类兴奋剂 药物滥用 

分 类 号：R749[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学]