国内外乡村韧性研究进展评述  

LITERATURE REVIEW ON THE RESEARCH PROGRESS OF RURAL RESILIENCE

作　　者：买欣 陶伟[1,2] 刘望保[1,2] MAI Xin;TAO Wei;LIU Wang-bao(School of Geography,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China;Research Center for Rural Sustainable Development of The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510631,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学地理科学学院,广州510631 [2]华南师范大学粤港澳大湾区村镇可持续发展研究中心,广州510631

出　　处：《人文地理》2023年第2期28-34,共7页Human Geography

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(42001197);广东省自然科学基金面上项目(2022A1515011062);国家社会科学基金重大项目(18ZDA161)。

摘　　要：快速城镇化背景下的城乡空间重构对乡村地域系统产生了剧烈的冲击与扰动,乡村韧性随之成为乡村地理学一个新兴的研究热点。本文尝试从乡村韧性的研究对象、韧性主体、韧性测度三个方面梳理国内外相关研究,厘清和深化对乡村韧性的科学认识。研究发现:(1)影响乡村发展的突发性外部冲击,以及乡村转型重构的慢性过程都是韧性研究所应关注的对象。(2)乡村韧性的主体具有多尺度关联效应,微观尺度上农户个体和家庭的抵御能力、自组织和自适应能力更能体现适应性转变的韧性内涵。(3)城乡融合背景下,应分区、分类研究乡村韧性的时空演化过程与作用机制,重视地方知识、乡土文化、社会关系、乡村自组织等对乡村韧性的影响。Against the background of rapid urbanization in contemporary China,urban and rural restructuring has generated significant impacts—sometimes manifested as shocks and disturbances—on the rural areas.The line of research on rural resilience has revealed a particular focus on how the rural systems respond to both external and internal shocks and how those responses reshape the future of the rural systems.Given this,this paper endeavors to tease out relevant research—incorporating both the Chinese and English literature on resilience in general and rural resilience in specific—from three aspects,namely,the resilience to what,the resilience of whom,and the measurement of resilience.Through a comprehensive review of resilience literature,this paper aims to advance resilience research with a clarification of the relevant concepts and a deepened understanding of the intellectual pathway of resilience research in literature.The findings of this paper are summarized as follows.First,the study of rural resilience should focus on both sudden and external shocks which may have considerable impacts on the rural systems.Second,the subject of rural resilience has multi-scale correlation effects.At the micro-scale,the resistance,self-organization,and self-adaptation capabilities of individual farmers and rural households can better reflect the very meaning of resilience,which is suggested as adaptive transformation in international literature.Third,in the context of urban-rural integration,future research should continuously focus on the spatiotemporal evolutionary process of rural resilience and unfold the mechanism underlying that process.

关 键 词：韧性 适应性 乡村地理 实证主义 人本主义 

分 类 号：K901.8[历史地理—人文地理学]