中国黄斑病变低视力患者康复训练的专家共识  

Expert consensus on low vision rehabilitation for patients with macular disease in China

作　　者：俞素勤 许迅[1] Yu Suqin;Xu Xun(Deparlment of Ophthalmology,Shanghai General Hospital,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,National Clinical Research Center for Eve Diseases,Shanghai Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases,Shanghai 200080,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院眼科、国家眼部疾病临床医学研究中心、上海市眼部疾病临床医学研究中心,上海200080

出　　处：《中华眼底病杂志》2023年第5期360-367,共8页Chinese Journal of Ocular Fundus Diseases

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFC0904800,2019YFC0840607);国家科技重大专项(2017ZX09304010);上海市临床重点专科项目;上海市科学技术委员会医学引导类项目(19411961800)。

摘　　要：各类眼底疾病晚期造成的黄斑病变是导致低视力的常见病因。目前的医学技术难以逆转黄斑功能的丧失,因此有助于改善视觉系统、利用残余视功能、提高生活质量的干预措施值得关注。黄斑中心凹损伤并不意味着整个视网膜功能受损,中心凹旁可能存在一个或多个视网膜区域可以充当旁中心注视的作用。对于大部分患者而言,只有对这些潜在的旁中心注视点采取适当的训练才有可能形成稳定的旁中心注视,完成视觉系统的功能重塑,从而有效地利用残余视功能。2021年我国已经发表了低视力康复临床指南,为了加强疾病的精准管理,制定专门针对黄斑病变低视力患者的视觉训练标准操作流程,由国家眼部疾病临床医学研究中心发起并组织国内相关专家,结合国内外最新的研究经验,经过反复讨论形成此共识(国际实践指南注册号:PREPARE-2023CN199),供眼科临床医师、视光医师及康复医师等在临床研究和实践中参考应用。Maculopathy caused by various fundus diseases in the late stage is a common cause of low vision.Medical technology is difficult to reverse the loss of macular function currently,so interventions that help improve the visual system,utilize residual visual function,and improve quality of life deserve attention.Damage to the fovea of the macula does not mean that the entire retinal function is impaired.There may be one or more retinal regions adjacent to the fovea that can serve as a fixation center.It is possible to form stable paracentral fixation,complete functional remodeling of the visual system,and effectively utilize residual visual function by taking appropriate training on these potential paracentral fixation points for most patients.In 2021,a clinical guideline has been published for low vision rehabilitation in China.In order to strengthen the precise management of diseases and develop a standard operating procedure for visual training specifically for patients with low vision due to macular disease,the National Clinical Research Center for Eye Diseases initiated and organized relevant domestic experts,utilizing the latest research experience at home and abroad,and through repeated discussions,this consensus(International Practice Guideline Registration Number:PREPARE-2023CN199)was formed as a reference for ophthalmologists,optometrists and rehabilitation physicians in their clinical research and practice.

关 键 词：黄斑病变 值低视力 优优选视网膜区域 目标视网膜区域 康复训练 专家共识 

分 类 号：R774.5[医药卫生—眼科] R493[医药卫生—临床医学]