一株水生产碱杆菌(Alcaligenes aquatilis)的分离鉴定及其氨氧化效果  

Isolation,identification,and deamination characterization of a strain of Alcaligenes aquatilis

作　　者：王梓宇 王佳丽[1] 唐德富[1] 孙旭春 韩向敏[1] 孙丽坤 WANG Ziyu;WANG Jiali;TANG Defu;SUN Xuchun;HAN Xiangmin;SUN Likun(College of Animal Science and Technology,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,Gansu,China;Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Station of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture,Linxia 731100,Gansu,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物科学技术学院,甘肃兰州730070 [2]临夏回族自治州畜牧技术推广站,甘肃临夏731100

出　　处：《微生物学通报》2023年第5期2002-2016,共15页Microbiology China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32160756);甘肃农业大学“伏羲杰出人才培育计划”(GAUfx-04J03);甘肃省科技计划重大项目(21ZD4NA012)。

摘　　要：【背景】随着畜牧业的高速发展,资源化利用畜禽粪便并减少其所造成的污染是一项艰巨的任务。好氧堆肥作为一种有效利用畜禽粪便污染的途径而成为重点研究方向。【目的】通过筛选具有高效氮转化能力的微生物,用于减少好氧堆肥中氮素损失,从而提高肥力、减少污染。【方法】通过对牛粪中异养硝化细菌的分离鉴定及对氨氧化能力的研究得到氨氧化能力较强的菌株NS-1。在不同工艺参数下培养菌株NS-1,进一步研究其氨氧化能力。【结果】通过形态学鉴定及16S rRNA基因序列鉴定,最终确定菌株NS-1为水生产碱杆菌(Alcaligenes aquatilis)。试验结果表明当碳源为丁二酸钠、C/N为15、温度为35℃、pH 7.0时菌株NS-1的氨氧化能力有大幅度提升。菌株NS-1在32 h内将1230.6947 mg/L的氨氮完全去除,去除率达到了100%,去除速率高达38.46 mg/(L·h)。【结论】菌株NS-1优良的氨氧化能力对于减少堆肥过程中的氮素流失有重要意义,可为生产优质生物有机肥提供微生物材料和技术支持。[Background]With the rapid development of animal husbandry,it becomes a challenging task to utilize animal manure and reduce the pollution caused by it.Aerobic composting,as an effective way to utilize manure,has become the focus of research.[Objective]By screening microorganisms with efficient nitrogen conversion capabilities for use in reducing nitrogen losses in aerobic composting,thus improving fertility and reducing pollution.[Methods]We isolated and identified the strain NS-1 with strong ammonia-oxidizing capacity from the heterotrophic nitrifying bacteria in cow dung.Furthermore,we cultured the strain NS-1 under different conditions to investigate its ammonia-oxidizing capacity.[Results]The strain NS-1 was identified as Alcaligenes aquatilis based on morphological characteristics and 16S rRNA sequence.When being cultured in the medium with sodium succinate as the carbon source,the C/N ratio of 15,and pH 7.0 at 35℃,strain NS-1 demonstrated significantly improved ammonia-oxidizing capacity.The validation experiment showed that strain NS-1 completely removed 1230.6947 mg/L ammonia nitrogen within 32 h,with the removal efficiency of 100%and the removal rate of 38.46 mg/(L·h).[Conclusion]The strain NS-1 with excellent ammonia-oxidizing capacity is of great significance for reducing nitrogen loss in the composting process.This study provides microbial materials and technical support for the production of high-quality bio-organic fertilizer.

关 键 词：硝化细菌 氮素转化 异养硝化 水生产碱杆菌 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]