对话式通用人工智能教育应用的机理、场景、挑战与对策  

The Mechanism,Scenarios,Challenges and Countermeasure of Conversational Artificial General Intelligence in Education

作　　者：陈凯泉[1] 胡晓松 韩小利 牛翠琰 韩羽 王宪廷 张凯[3] 吕伟刚 Chen Kaiquan;Hu Xiaosong;Han Xiaoli;Niu Cuiyan;Han Yu;Wang Xianting;Zhang Kai;Lv Weigang

机构地区：[1]中国海洋大学教育系,山东青岛266100 [2]青岛市教育科学研究院,山东青岛266100 [3]中国海洋大学外国语学院,山东青岛266100

出　　处：《远程教育杂志》2023年第3期21-41,共21页Journal of Distance Education

基　　金：中国海洋大学研究生教育质量提升计划项目“现代教育技术应用教学案例库建设”(项目编号:HDYA23019);国家自然科学基金项目“面向多模态教学的个性化学习支持服务关键技术研究”(项目编号:62277045);国家教育考试科研规划课题“人工智能等新技术在教育考试中的应用研究”(项目编号:GJK2021035);山东省教育科学规划重点课题“指向基础教育高质量发展的区(县)域智慧教育体系整体构建与推进路径研究”(项目编号:2021ZD062)的研究成果。

摘　　要：以ChatGPT为代表的对话式通用人工智能(CAGI)的发展为人工智能教育应用、教育教学数字化转型提供了新的工具和平台。基于CAGI的教育聊天机器人在支持学习者的自适应学习方面表现出显著的优势,据此形成的教学系统是在人工智能教育应用历史中对话式教学系统(DBTS)发展的新阶段、新样态。教育聊天机器人不仅在学生端可为学生扮演导师、助手、陪伴者、评估者的角色,还可协助教师生成高质量的教学设计方案,助力教师专业发展,建构真正意义上的双师课堂。CAGI在幼儿和学前教育、K12教育、高等教育、成人教育、场馆教育等多学段、多情境获得广泛应用,对学习者的成绩、学习投入、认知和元认知水平、学习能力都显现出较好的正向效应。源于CAGI当前技术发展阶段上仍然存在的诸如数据保护、反馈信息失真、信息偏见等问题,聊天机器人的教育应用面临不小的挑战,为此业界和学界还应在推动技术进步、制订伦理规则、实施培训指导等方面开展探索与实践。The rapid development of Conversational Artificial General Intelligence(CAGI)represented by ChatGPT provides new tools and platforms for the application of AI education and the digital transformation of education and teaching.Education chatbots based on CAGI show significant advantages in supporting adaptive learning.The teaching system formed based on this is a new stage and form of Dialogue Based Teaching System(DBTS)development in the history of Artificial Intelligence in Education(AIED).Education chatbots can not only play the role of tutor,assistant,partner,and evaluator for students,but also assist teachers in generating high-quality teaching design solutions,professional development,and constructing a truly dual classroom.CAGI has been widely applied in multiple stages and contexts such as early childhood and preschool education,K12 education,higher education,adult education,and venue education,showing positive effects on learners’grades,learning engagement,cognitive and metacognitive levels,and learning abilities.Due to the problems such as data protection,feedback information distortion and information bias that still exist in the current technological development stage of CAGI,the educational application of education chatbots faces significant challenges.Therefore,the industry and academia should also explore and practice in promoting technological progress,formulating ethical rules and providing practical training guidance.

关 键 词：对话式通用人工智能 生成式人工智能工具 教育聊天机器人 人工智能教育应用 自适应学习 教育数字化转型 

分 类 号：G434[文化科学—教育学]