深大断层破碎带隧道突水突泥机理研究  

Research on Mechanisms of Water and Mud Inrush During Tunnelling in Deep and Large Fault Fracture Zones

作　　者：杨超 邹永木 李磊 钟祖良[3] 李亚朋 YANG Chao;ZOU Yongmu;LI Lei;ZHONG Zuliang;LI Yapeng(Chengdu Guiyang Railway Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610031,China;The Fifth Engineering Co.,Ltd.of China Railway 11th Bureau Group,Chongqing 400045,China;School of Civil Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China)

机构地区：[1]成贵铁路有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]中铁十一局集团第五工程有限公司,重庆400045 [3]重庆大学土木工程学院,重庆400045

出　　处：《工业建筑》2023年第3期173-179,共7页Industrial Construction

基　　金：重庆市科委自然科学基金项目(CSTC,2009BB6350)。

摘　　要：以邻近高家湾断层破碎带隧道施工为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟等手段研究深大富水断层破碎带隧道掌子面防突岩体剪切失稳机理,并对防突安全厚度进行分析。研究结果表明:断层破碎带隧道突水突泥本质是施工扰动下断层破碎带围岩应力场和渗流场发生改变,在水力耦合作用下,掌子面防突厚度不足造成剪切失稳;断层带水压,掌子面涌水量、水平向位移及塑性区等失稳评价指标在隧道向断层破碎带开挖过程中均表现出明显的“稳定—发展—失稳”阶段特征,与实际施工中突水突泥发展历程基本一致。综合各失稳评价指标,确定该隧道临界防突安全厚度为0.95倍隧道等效直径;相比于断层破碎带宽度,埋深对深大富水断层破碎带隧道防突安全影响更显著,并且随着隧道埋深的增大,断层破碎带宽度对防突安全的影响也逐渐增强。Taking the tunnel construction near the Gaojiawan fault fracture zone as the engineering background,the shear instability mechanism of the outburst-prevention rock mass at the working face in the deep and large water-rich fault fracture zone tunnel was studied by theoretical analysis and numerical simulations,and the safety thickness of the outburst-prevention was analyzed.The results showed that the essence of water and mud inrush in tunnels near the water rich fault fracture zone was that construction disturbance leaded to the change of the surrounding rock stress fields and seepage fields in the fault fracture zone.Under the water and force coupling effect,the insufficient outburst-prevention thickness of the rock mass at the at the working face in tunnels caused shear instability;the changes of instability evaluation indexes such as fault zone water pressure,water inrush volumes at working faces of tunnels,horizontal displacement and plastic zone areas all reflected obvious characteristics of“stability—development—instability”in the process of tunneling through the fault fracture zone,which were also basically consistent with the development process of water and mud inrush in actual construction.Integrating various instability evaluation indexes,it was determined that the critical safety thickness of the tunnel for outburst prevention was 0.95 times the effective diameter of the tunnel.Compared with the width of the fault fracture zone,the burial depth had a more significant impact on the outburst-prevention of tunnels in the deep and large water-rich fault fracture zone.Simultaneously,with the increase of the tunnel burial depth,the influence of the width of the fault fracture zone on the safety of outburst prevention gradually increased.

关 键 词：隧道 突水 突泥 断层破碎带 防突厚度 机理 

分 类 号：U453.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]