跨部门工作经历与社会创业选择:基于跨国数据的实证检验  

Cross-Sectoral Work Experience and Social Entrepreneurship Choice:An Empirical Test of Cross-Country Data

作　　者：刘志阳 许莉萍[1,2] 陈咏昶 LIU Zhi-yang;XU Li-ping;CHEN Yong-chang(School of Business,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai,200433,China;China Social Entrepreneurship Research Center,Shanghai University of Finance and Economics,Shanghai,200433,China)

机构地区：[1]上海财经大学商学院,上海200433 [2]上海财经大学中国社会创业研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《经济管理》2023年第4期82-99,共18页Business and Management Journal ( BMJ )

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“数字技术驱动的社会创业行为与过程管理研究”(20AGL008);国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代劳动力返乡创业问题研究”(22AZD144);上海财经大学研究生教育创新计划项目“营商环境与创新型社会创业——基于全球创业调查数据的跨国(地区)比较研究”(CXJJ-2021-400)。

摘　　要：以解决复杂社会问题为目标的社会创业活动往往离不开跨部门合作,但现有研究忽视了个体跨部门工作经历对社会创业的影响。通过匹配2015年全球创业观察数据库(GEM)和其他宏观数据库,本文构建了包含36个国家51448个个体的跨层分析数据,并从创业认知视角研究了跨部门工作经历对个体社会创业选择的影响。研究发现:跨部门工作经历能够通过认知调动效应和资源整合效应增强个体社会创业机会识别的敏感度和提高社会创业机会开发的能力,从而促进其社会创业选择;在制度质量较低和文化严格程度较高的国家,跨部门工作经历对社会创业选择的促进作用更为明显。进一步分析表明,不同部门工作经历的组合对个体社会创业选择的影响有所不同。个体创业认知和制度文化共同决定了社会创业选择,这一结果不仅丰富了社会创业选择的前因研究,也为相关社会创业政策制定提供决策参考。Social entrepreneurship is a hybrid value-creating activity within or across business,nonprofit,or government sectors that has important practical implications for innovative solutions to social problems and breakthroughs in social development dilemmas.Although scholars have extensively discussed the relationship between prior experience and social entrepreneurship entry,they are still at the stage of exploring how a single experience affects an individual's social entrepreneurial choice,and rarely analyze the particular features of experience diversity.Considering the diversity and flexibility presented by the current employment ecology,this paper delves into the impact of cross-sectoral work experiences on individual social entrepreneurial choices and how institutional environments and national cultures influence the relationship between the two,drawing from entrepreneurial cognitive theory.By matching the 2015 Global Entrepreneurship Monitor(GEM)database and other macro databases,this paper constructs a cross-level analysis database containing 51,448 individuals in 36 countries to examine the impact of cross-sectoral work experiences on individual social entrepreneurial entry and its institutional boundary conditions.The empirical results find that individuals'cross-sectoral work experiences help them identify and discover social entrepreneurship opportunities,which in turn facilitate their choice of social entrepreneurship.At the same time,institutional quality and tight culture attenuate and enhance these relationships,respectively.The theoretical contributions of this paper are mainly in the following three aspects.First,the current social entrepreneurship literature's understanding of the relationship between previous experiences and social entrepreneurial activities largely ignores the study of experience diversity.This paper explores the positive influence of cross-sectoral work experiences on individual social entrepreneurial choices based on entrepreneurial cognitive theory,enriching social entrepreneu

关 键 词：社会创业 跨部门工作经历 制度质量 文化严格程度 创业认知 

分 类 号：F270[经济管理—企业管理]