品系和青贮时长对小黑麦青贮饲料营养成分及发酵品质的影响  

Effects of varieties and silage duration on nutrient composition and fermentation quality of×Triticale Wittmack

作　　者：张兰 马淑梅 宋谦 余小亮 王纯喜 杨晓 杜文华[2] ZHANG Lan;MA Shumei;SONC Qian;YU Xiaoliang;WANG Chunxi;YANG Xiao;DU Wenhua(Pingliang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Pingliang 744000,China;College of Pratacultural Science,Gansu Agricultural University,Lanzhou 730070,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省平凉市农业科学院,甘肃平凉744000 [2]甘肃农业大学草业学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第10期102-108,共7页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“甘农3号小黑麦成株期抗CYR34条锈菌的分子机制”(32260339);甘肃省科技攻关计划项目“肉牛高效循环养殖关键技术集成示范与推广”(20CX9NL199);甘肃省重点研发项目“甘肃省高寒牧区和农牧交错区甘农2号小黑麦一年两熟高效种植模式产业化示范”(20YF8NA129);平凉市科技计划项目“优质饲草新品种筛选及高效利用技术应用研究”(平科任[2020]6号)。

摘　　要：为了研究不同品系和青贮时长对小黑麦青贮营养成分与发酵品质的影响,试验采用两因素随机区组设计,设置3种小黑麦品系(C16、C_(27)和C_(35))和2种青贮时长(45 d和60 d),比较不同青贮时长下各品系小黑麦青贮饲料的感官品质、营养成分与发酵品质,采用单变量方差分析研究品系和青贮时长对小黑麦青贮饲料营养成分和发酵品质的交互影响,并采用TOPSIS对各组合进行综合评价,探讨不同品系小黑麦适宜的青贮时长。结果表明:小黑麦品系C16青贮60 d的感官品质优于青贮45 d,C_(27)和C_(35)青贮45 d的感官品质优于青贮60 d,感官品质整体表现较好为青贮60 d的C16和青贮45 d的C_(27)。两种青贮时长C_(27)的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、丁酸含量及氨态氮/总氮的平均值均极显著低于C16和C_(35)(P<0.01),相对饲喂价值的平均值极显著高于C16和C_(35)(P<0.01)。从青贮45 d到60 d,C16的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量及氨态氮/总氮均呈降低的趋势,相对饲喂价值呈升高的趋势;C_(27)和C_(35)的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量及氨态氮/总氮均呈升高的趋势,相对饲喂价值呈降低的趋势。TOPSIS评定结果与感官品质评定结果基本一致。品系对小黑麦青贮饲料的干物质和钙含量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),对中性洗涤纤维含量、酸性洗涤纤维含量、相对饲喂价值、pH值、丁酸含量和氨态氮/总氮的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01);青贮时长对干物质含量的影响达到显著水平(P<0.05),对中性洗涤纤维含量、pH值、丁酸含量和氨态氮/总氮的影响达到极显著水平(P<0.01);品系和青贮时长的交互项对小黑麦青贮饲料各营养成分和发酵品质的影响与品系一致。说明小黑麦品系C_(27)的青贮品质优于C16和C_(35),C16的适宜青贮时间为60 d,C_(27)和C_(35)的适宜青贮时间为45 d。In order to study the effects of different varieties and silage duration on nutrition and fermentation quality of×Triticale Wittmack,a two factor random block design was used in this study,and three×Triticale Wittmack varieties(C_(16,)C_(27),C_(35))and two silage durations(45 d and 60 d)were set.The sensory quality,nutritional composition and fermentation quality of×Triticale Wittmack silage under different silage duration were determined.The interaction effects of varieties and silage duration on nutrient composition and fermentation quality of×Triticale Wittmack silage were studied by univariate analysis of variance.TOPSIS was used to comprehensively evaluate the combinations,and the appropriate silage duration of different strains of×Triticale Wittmack was discussed.The results showed that the sensory quality of×Triticale Wittmack C_(16)silaged for 60 days was better than that of silage for 45 days,and that of C_(27)and C_(35)silaged for 45 days was better than that of silage for 60 days,and the better overall performance of sensory quality were C_(16)silaged for 60 days and C_(27)silageal for 45 days.The two silage duration average values of neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,butyric acid content and ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen of C_(27)were significantly lower than those of C_(16)and C_(35)(P<0.01),and the average values of relative feeding value were significantly higher than those of C_(16)and C_(35)(P<0.01).From 45 days to 60 days of silage,the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen of C_(16)decreased,and the relative feeding value increased;the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber and the ammonia nitrogen/total nitrogen of C_(27)and C_(35)showed an increasing trend,while the relative feeding value showed a decreasing trend.The TOPSIS evaluation results were basically consistent with the sensory quality evaluation results.The effect of varieties on dry matter and calcium content of×Triticale Wittmack s

关 键 词：小黑麦 品系 青贮时长 营养成分 发酵品质 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学]