万州区居民重点慢性病核心知识知晓率分析  

Analysis of core knowledge of key chronic diseases among residents in Wanzhou District

作　　者：吴波[1] 彭瑾[1] 屈秋琼 唐亮[1] 谭三平 张倩 WU Bo;PENG Jin;QU Qiuqiong;TANG Liang;TAN Sanping;ZHANG Qian(Department of Chronic Disease,Wanzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 404oo0,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市万州区疾病预防控制中心慢病科,重庆404000

出　　处：《社区医学杂志》2023年第8期400-404,共5页Journal Of Community Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解重庆市万州区居民重点慢性病核心知识知晓率及其影响因素,为万州区慢性病防治提供科学依据。方法 2019年3-6月,采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法,选择万州区6个街道和乡镇≥18岁的2 500名居民作为研究对象。采用重庆市疾病预防控制中心统一编制的慢性病及危险因素监测问卷进行调查,其中包括居民重点慢性病核心知识知晓情况等。医学体检采用标准方法测量。采集调查对象空腹和口服75 g葡萄糖后2 h静脉血,检测血糖和血脂。结果 回收有效问卷2 493份,有效率为99.72%。重点慢性病核心知识知晓率为65.54%。核心知识知晓正确回答率最高的为“多数癌症是可以防治的吗”“预防慢性呼吸系统疾病发生发展的关键是什么”,最低的为“慢性病主要包含哪些疾病”“正常的血压值是多少”。不同地区(χ^(2)=44.027,P<0.001)、年龄(χ^(2)=74.761,P<0.001)、职业(χ^(2)=134.420,P<0.001)、婚姻状况(χ^(2)=38.877,P<0.001)、文化程度(χ^(2)=255.947,P<0.001)、吸烟行为(χ^(2)=13.768,P=0.001)、静态行为(χ^(2)=60.149,P<0.001)、有无慢性病(χ^(2)=49.665,P<0.001)、健康自觉情况(χ^(2)=45.810,P<0.001)、身体质量指数(χ^(2)=10.242,P=0.017)的知晓率比较,差异有统计学意义。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,地区为城区(OR=1.363,95%CI为1.125~1.650,P=0.002)、文化程度为小学及以下(OR=0.240,95%CI为0.171~0.339,P<0.001)、文化程度为初中(OR=0.412,95%CI为0.300~0.565,P<0.001)和吸烟行为(OR=0.746,95%CI为0.599~0.929,P=0.009)是知晓重点慢性病核心知识的影响因素。结论 不同特征的居民对重点慢性病核心知识的知晓情况不平衡,与地区、文化程度和吸烟行为有关,应采取有针对性的健康教育措施。Objective To understand the core knowledge awareness rate of key chronic diseases and its influencing factors among residents in Wanzhou District, Chongqing, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in Wanzhou District.Methods From March to June 2019, 2 500 residents aged ≥18 years from 6 streets and towns in Wanzhou District were selected as the study subjects using a multistage stratified cluster random sampling method. The survey was conducted using a questionnaire for monitoring chronic diseases and risk factors uniformly compiled by Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, including residents' awareness of core knowledge of key chronic diseases. Medical examinations were measured using standard methods. Venous blood of fasting and 2 hours after oral administration of 75 g glucose were collected from residents to detect blood glucose and lipids.Results Totally 2 493 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 99.72%. The awareness rate of key chronic disease core knowledge was 65.54%. The highest for correct answer rates of core knowledge awareness rate were "are most cancers can be preventabled" and "what is the key to prevent the occurrence and development of chronic respiratory diseases", and the lowest were "what are the major chronic diseases" and "what is the normal blood pressure". Compared the awareness rate of different regions(χ^(2)=44.027, P<0.001), age(χ^(2)=74.761, P<0.001), occupation(χ^(2)=134.420, P<0.001), marital status(χ^(2)=38.877, P<0.001), education level(χ^(2)=255.947, P<0.001), smoking behavior(χ^(2)=13.768, P=0.001), static behavior(χ^(2)=60.149, P<0.001), presence or absence of chronic diseases(χ^(2)=49.665, P<0.001), health awareness(χ^(2)=45.810, P<0.001) and body mass index(χ^(2)=10.242, P=0.017),the difference was statistically significant.The results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that urban(OR=1.363,95%CI:1.125-1.650,P=0.002),the education level of primary school and below(

关 键 词：城乡居民 慢性病 知晓率 核心知识 血糖 血脂 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]