盐度驯化改善大黄鱼盐度胁迫耐受性的作用机制  

Mechanism of salinity acclimation in Larimichthys crocea improving tolerance to salinity stress

作　　者：张惠 曾霖 熊逸飞 宋炜 ZHANG Hui;ZENG Lin;XIONG Yifei;SONG Wei(National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture,Zhejiang Ocean University,Zhoushan 316022,China;East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Shanghai 200090,China;School of Food and Biological Engineering,Bengbu University,Bengbu 233030,China)

机构地区：[1]浙江海洋大学国家海洋设施养殖工程技术研究中心,浙江舟山316022 [2]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海200090 [3]蚌埠学院食品与生物工程学院,安徽蚌埠233030

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2023年第3期334-343,共10页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“蓝色粮仓科技创新专项”(2019YFDO900904);青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室山东省专项经费(2022QNLM30001);国家海水鱼产业技术体系项目(CARS-47);中国水产科学研究院基本科研业务费项目(2020TD76).

摘　　要：为探讨盐度驯化改善大黄鱼(Larimichthys crocea)盐度胁迫耐受性的作用机制,将大黄鱼暴露在盐度为25或20的水体中7 d,再暴露在盐度为12或40的水体中24 h,分为对照组(25)、低盐组(25+12)、高盐组(25+40)、低盐驯化组(20)、低盐驯化+低盐组(20+12)和低盐驯化+高盐组(20+40)6个处理组,分别记为C组、CL组、CH组、A组、AL组、AH组。结果显示,CL vs C中大黄鱼肝脏的丙二醛(MDA)和脂质过氧化物(LPO)含量显著上升,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和溶菌酶(LZM)活性显著上升,过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著降低(P<0.05),碱性磷酸酶(AKP)的活性变化不显著(P>0.05)。CH vs C中MDA和LPO含量显著上升,SOD和LZM的活性显著上升,CAT和AKP显著降低(P<0.05)。A vs C中MDA和LPO含量显著上升(P<0.05),SOD、LZM和AKP的活性未发生显著变化(P>0.05),CAT活性显著降低(P<0.05)。AL vs CL与AH vs CH中MDA和LPO含量显著降低,SOD、CAT、LZM和AKP的活性显著上升(P<0.05)。铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(Cu/Zn-SOD)、锰超氧化物歧化酶(Mn-SOD)、CAT、非特异性免疫酶[c型溶菌酶(c-type LZM)、g型溶菌酶(g-type LZM)和AKP]基因表达水平与其酶活呈正相关;核转录因子NF-E2相关因子2(Nrf2)和核转录因子-Κb(NF-κB)基因表达水平均分别与其目的基因(抗氧化酶基因和非特异性免疫酶基因)表达水平呈正相关(P<0.05),表明Nrf2和NF-κB可能分别参与了抗氧化和非特异性基因表达调控。综上所述,盐度驯化过程中,可以通过提高大黄鱼抗氧化和非特异性免疫能力来缓解盐度胁迫所带来的氧化损伤,从而改善大黄鱼的盐度耐受性。To explore the mechanism of salinity acclimation that improves the salinity stress tolerance of large yellow croakers(Larimichthys crocea),fish were exposed to water with salinity of 25 or 20 for 7 days and then exposed to water with a salinity of 12 or 40 for 24 hours.At this time,the fish were divided into six treatment groups[Control group(25),low-solt group(25+12),high-solt group(25+40),low-solt acclimation group(20),low-solt acclimation+low-solt group(20+2),low-solt acclimation+high-solt group(20+40)],which were denoted as groups C,CL,CH,A,AL,and AH,respectively.The results showed that when the CL group was compared to the C group(CL vs C),malondialdehyde(MDA)and lipid peroxide(LPO)contents were significantly increased,superoxide dismutase(SOD)and lysozyme(LZM)activities were significantly increased,and catalase(CAT)activity was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Alkaline phosphatase(AKP)activity showed no significant change(P>0.05).Comparing the CH group to the C group(CH vs C),the MDA and LPO contents and SOD and LZM activities significantly increased,while CAT and AKP activities significantly decreased(P<0.05).When group A was compared to group C(A vs C),the MDA and LPO contents significantly increased,SOD,LZM,and AKP activities had no significant change(P>0.05),but CAT activity significantly decreased(P<0.05).For the comparisons of group AL with group CL(AL vs CL)and group AH with group CH(AH vs CH),MDA,and LPO contents decreased significantly,and SOD,CAT,LZM,and AKP activities increased significantly(P<0.05).The gene expression levels of Cu/Zn-SOD,Mn-SOD,CAT,c-type LZM,g-type LZM,and AKP were positively correlated with their respective enzyme activities.The gene expression levels of nuclear transcription factor NF-E2 related factor 2(Nrf2)and nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB)were positively correlated with their target genes(antioxidant enzyme gene and non-specific immune enzyme gene,respectively),at P<0.05,indicating that Nrf2 and NF-κB may be involved in the regulation of antioxidant and non-spec

关 键 词：大黄鱼 盐度驯化 抗氧化 非特异性免疫 

分 类 号：S965[农业科学—水产养殖]