赣江枯水期脱氮功能微生物群落结构研究  

Study on the Structure of Denitrification Functional Microbial Community in Ganjiang River During the Dry Period

作　　者：宋凯伦 汪丽娜 方宋雯 冷金海 侯松峰 尹鑫 SONG Kailun;WANG Lina;FANG Songwen;LENG Jinhai;HOU Songfeng;YIN Xin(College of Land Resources and Environment,Jiangxi Agricultural University,Nanchang 330045,China;Jiujiang Yongxiu County Ecological Environment Bureau,Jiujiang 330300,China)

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学国土资源与环境学院,江西南昌330045 [2]九江市永修生态环境局,江西九江330300

出　　处：《环境科学与技术》2023年第3期30-39,共10页Environmental Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金:基于自养脱氮功能微生物的藻菌共生协同脱氮除磷研究(56120002);教育厅一般课题:赣江底泥氨氧化微生物丰度及群落结构研究(GJJ180195)。

摘　　要：为探究赣江枯水期底泥中脱氮功能微生物丰度及多样性与环境因子的关系,该文以赣江南昌段流域为研究对象,分别采集进入城区前、分支口以及南、北、中支流的表层水体及底泥样本。通过基于16S rDNA和功能基因的高通量测序手段对赣江底泥脱氮功能微生物的丰度和种群结构进行了分析。研究表明:赣江南支水体中氨氮、总氮和总磷明显高于其他采样区域。赣江底泥中微生物主要优势类群为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)。在赣江底泥中检测到3个脱氮功能微生物功能类群,分别是氨氧化古菌(AOA)、氨氧化细菌(AOB)、厌氧氨氧化细菌(Anammox)。底泥中脱氮功能微生物相对丰度排序为AOA>AOB>Anammox,这表明赣江底泥脱氮过程中AOA发挥着主要作用,其优势属为Crenarchaeota noname;脱氮功能微生物群落多样性为AOB>AOA>Anammox,AOB类群中优势属为Betaproteobacteria noname。冗余分析结果显示,硝态氮、氨氮是影响赣江底泥脱氮功能微生物多样性和丰度的关键环境因子。In order to explore the relationship between the abundance and diversity of denitrification functional microorganisms and environmental factors in the sediments of the Nanchang section of the Ganjiang River during dry periods,the surface water and sediment samples were collected before entering the urban area,the branch mouth,and the south,north,and middle tributaries.The abundance and population structure of microbes with functions of denitrification in sediments were analyzed.The research shows that ammonia nitrogen,total nitrogen and total phosphorus in the water body of the southern branch of the Ganjiang River are significantly higher than those in other sampling areas.The main dominant groups of microorganisms in Ganjiang sediments are Proteobacteria,Acidobacteria and Chloroflexi.Three functional groups of microorganisms with denitrification function were detected in Ganjiang sediment,namely ammonia oxidizing archaea(AOA),ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB)and anammox bacteria(Anammox).The relative abundance of denitrifying microorganisms in the sediments is AOA>AOB>Anammox,which indicates that AOA plays a major role in the denitrification process of the river sediments,and its dominant genus is Crenarchaeota noname;the diversity of denitrifying microbial communities is AOB>AOA>Anammox,the dominant genus in the AOB group was Betaproteobacteria noname.The results of redundancy analysis showed that nitrate nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen were the key environmental factors affecting the diversity and abundance of micro-functional microorganisms in Ganjiang sediments.

关 键 词：赣江南昌段 脱氮功能微生物 微生物群落结构 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学] X52