奥登趵生态系统实在论的内涵及其评析  

A Review of Jay Odenbaugh’s Ecosystem Realism

作　　者：肖显静 赵绪涛 XIAO Xian-jing;ZHAO Xu-tao(Institute of Science,Technology and Society,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China;School of Marxism,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China)

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学科学技术与社会研究院,广东广州510006 [2]北京交通大学马克思主义学院,北京100044

出　　处：《山西大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第3期9-15,共7页Journal of Shanxi University(Philosophy and Social Science Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“生态学范式争论的哲学研究”(16ZDA112);北京市社会科学基金规划项目“生态系统本体的实在论问题研究”(22ZXC012)

摘　　要：在生态系统实在论问题的争论中,奥登趵坚持实在论立场,认为生态系统在整体层面的因果闭合使之成为具有确定要素和客观边界的实在之物。然而,奥登趵阐述的以因果概念为核心的“第(n+1)个问题”论证并不能确切表明生态系统是实在的;通过因果关系强度来划定生态系统范围是不精确的方法;生态系统的边界类型繁杂,不能简单归结为实在的或建构的。生态系统实在论问题的研究应更重视前沿的生态系统理论。In the debate over the issue of ecosystem realism,Jay Odenbaugh insists on a realist position,arguing that the causal closure at the whole level of ecosystem makes ecosystem a real thing with definite elements and objective boundaries.However,Odenbaugh’s the(n+1)th problem argument,which takes the causality as the core concept,cannot conclusively demonstrate ecosystems are real.It is imprecise to delimit ecosystems by the strength of causality,and the types of ecosystem boundaries are quite complex and cannot simply be reduced to be real or constructive.The problem of ecosystem realism requires further research based on cutting-edge ecosystem theory.

关 键 词：生态系统 实在论 反实在论 开放性 边界问题 

分 类 号：X171[环境科学与工程—环境科学]