《土司例纂》:晚清国家区域法制中最后一部法律修纂考述  

Collection of the Rules in Tusi Areas: A Study of the Last Law Made in the Late Qing Dynasty for Regional Governance

作　　者：胡兴东[1] 焦磊 HU Xingdong;JIAO Lei

机构地区：[1]云南大学法学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《思想战线》2023年第3期140-150,共11页Thinking

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大专项“元明清时期中国‘大一统’理念的演进与周边关系研究”阶段性成果(LSYZD21009);云南大学哲学社会科学创新团队“中华法系演进与中华民族共同体形成创新团队”阶段性成果(CY2262420205)。

摘　　要：清朝是中国古代在边疆民族地区治理中十分注重区域法制建设的王朝。清政府针对不同边疆地区的民族、经济、文化、宗教等因素,大量制定有针对性的区域民族法律,成为中国古代国家边疆治理中的重要内容。清政府针对西南地区多民族聚居的特点,通过改土归流、构建基层小土司等手段,实现了中央政府对该地区深入有效的治理。清政府针对西南地区的社会特点,形成了具有区域特色的“苗例”。光绪十七年(1891年)腾越厅同知黄炳堃修纂成的《土司例纂》是国家层面上西南地区“苗例”体系化法律的顶峰。黄炳堃能够修成《土司例纂》是与他长期在湘滇两省为幕为官的经历及“读书读律”的知识有关。《土司例纂》补足了清朝边疆民族地区区域法律的最后一块拼图,让清朝国家的民族区域法制实现了体系化构建。The Qing Dynasty was one of the dynasties in ancient China that paid a close attention to law-making for governance of frontier and minority areas.The Qing government made numerous laws regarding various frontier areas by taking into account such factors as ethnicity,economic conditions,culture and religion of these areas to facilitate their governance.In view of the fact that the southwest part of China was peopled by many ethnic minorities,the Qing government adopted measures like replacing some of the tusis with dispatched officials from the central court,and installing small tusis at grassroots level to achieve effective governance of the minority areas.The Rules for Miao Areas,was a law made for governing the Miao areas in southwest China with a distinctive regional feature.In the 17th year of the Guangxi Era(1891),Huang Bingkun,the Governor of the Tengyue Prefecture,edited the Collection of the Rules in Tusi Areas,which marked,at a national level,the systematization and consummation of the law-making represented by Rules for Miao Areas.The fact that Huang Bingkun was able to accomplish this great work owed a lot to his experience as an official in both Hunan and Yunnan provinces and his knowledge about law-making.The accomplishment of the book filled up the last gap in the Qing government’s law-making for frontier and minority areas and allowed such laws to become systematized.

关 键 词：土司例纂 黄炳堃 西南地区 

分 类 号：D909.9[政治法律—法学理论]