澜沧江沉积物氨氧化及反硝化微生物丰度  

Abundance of aerobic ammonia-oxidizing and nirS type denitrifying microorganisms in sediments of Lancang River

作　　者：吴子贤 陈浩东 李祝 陈卓 廖明军 WU Zi-xian;CHEN Hao-dong;LI Zhu;CHEN Zhuo;LIAO Ming-jun(School of Civil Engineering,Architecture and Environment,Hubei University of Technology,Wuhan 430068,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Ecological Remediation for Rivers-Lakes and Algal Utilization,Wuhan 430068,China;Cooperative Innovation Center of Industrial Fermentation,Ministry of Education&Hubei Province,Wuhan 430068,China;Wuhan Huanjing Detecion Service Co.Lto.,Wuhan 430048,China)

机构地区：[1]湖北工业大学土木建筑与环境学院,湖北武汉430068 [2]河湖生态修复及藻类利用湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430068 [3]工业发酵省部共建协同创新中心,湖北武汉430068 [4]武汉环景检测服务有限公司,湖北武汉430048

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第6期3107-3117,共11页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51579092,91647207);国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0401702)。

摘　　要：为了探究梯级水库开发对河流沉积物中氮循环微生物的影响,本文针对澜沧江流域氨氧化细菌(AOB)、氨氧化古菌(AOA)和nirS型反硝化微生物丰度进行了研究,采集了云南省盐井至橄榄坝19个点位的沉积物样品,测定了研究区域内自然河流、水库河段、重要支流的AOB-amoA、AOA-amoA和nirS基因的丰度,同时测定了沉积物、间隙水及水体理化因子.结果显示:19个点位沉积物AOB-amoA基因丰度范围为0.82×10^(7)~4.25×10^(7)copies/g,AOA-amoA基因丰度范围为0.83×10^(7)~6.87×10^(7)copies/g,nirS基因丰度范围为0.72×10^(7)~7.32×10^(7)copies/g;AOA/AOB介于0.35~2.17之间,AOA在数量上相比于AOB并不占优势.AOA-amoA、AOB-amoA和nirS丰度在自然河段、水库段和支流没有显著差异,说明人工水利设施的建设对氨氧化微生物丰度空间分布并无显著影响.沉积物间隙水氨氮、总磷和总氮是影响AOA丰度的主要环境因子;AOB丰度主要受水温、沉积物总氮、总磷和沉积物总有机碳影响;nirS型反硝化微生物丰度主要受间隙水总氮和沉积物总有机碳影响.In order to explore the impact of cascade reservoir on nitrogen cycling microorganisms in the Lancang River,the abundance of ammonia oxidizing bacteria(AOB),ammonia oxidizing archaea(AOA)and nirS type denitrifying microorganisms in the river sediments were studied.Sediment samples were collected from 19 sites from Yanjing to Ganlanba in Yunnan Province.The abundance of AOB-amoA,AOA-amoA and nirS genes were quantified through qPCR.The physical and chemical factors of sediments,pore water,and water bodies were determined at the mean time.The results showed that AOB-amoA gene abundance ranged from 0.82×10^(7) to 4.25×10^(7) copies/g,AOA-amoA gene abundance ranged from 0.83×10^(7) to 6.87×10^(7) copies/g,and the nirS gene abundance ranged from 0.72×10^(7) to 7.32×10^(7) copies/g;the ratio of AOA/AOB is between 0.35 and 2.17,and AOA is not superior to AOB in the sediment.The abundance of AOA-amoA,AOB-amoA and nirS showed no significant difference in the river,reservoir and tributaries sites,indicating that the dam construction has no significant impact on the spatial distribution of nitrogen cycling microorganism abundances.Ammonia,total phosphorus and total nitrogen concentration in pore water are the main environmental factors affecting AOA abundance.AOB abundance is mainly affected by water temperature,total phosphorus,total nitrogen and total organic carbon content in sediments.The abundance of nirS type denitrifying microorganisms is mainly affected by total nitrogen concentration in pore water,and organic carbon content in sediment.

关 键 词：澜沧江 氨氧化古菌 氨氧化细菌 nirS型反硝化微生物 沉积物 

分 类 号：X171.5[环境科学与工程—环境科学]