稳定同位素探针技术结合宏基因组学在探究环境污染物微生物转化/降解过程中的应用进展  

A review on application of stable isotope probing combined with metagenomics in studying the biotransformation and degradation of environmental pollutants

作　　者：张焕军 周晶雅 李轶[1] ZHANG Huan-jun;ZHOU Jing-ya;LI Yi(Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resource Development of Shallow Lakes of Ministry of Education,College of Environment,Hohai University,Nanjing 210098,China)

机构地区：[1]河海大学环境学院,浅水湖泊综合治理与资源开发教育部重点实验室,江苏南京210098

出　　处：《中国环境科学》2023年第6期3173-3182,共10页China Environmental Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52070071)。

摘　　要：稳定同位素探针技术(SIP)结合宏基因组学在环境污染物微生物转化/降解研究中的应用已逐渐成为趋势.该组合技术不依赖纯培养方法,能够从复杂自然环境中鉴定出具有特定代谢功能的微生物类群,揭示污染物的微生物代谢途径,在研究污染物的原位微生物转化/降解过程方面具有显著优势.本文综述了该组合技术在探究不同环境介质中烃类化合物及其衍生物、有机农药、重金属和新型污染物微生物转化/降解过程中的应用进展,包括功能微生物的识别和污染物微生物转化/降解机制的解析等.最后,基于该组合技术的应用现状进行了展望,提出未来该组合技术与多种原位表征技术的联用将为微生物驱动污染物的转化/降解机制研究提供更准确全面的信息.The application of stable isotope probing(SIP)combined with metagenomics in the research of environmental pollutants biotransformation and degradation has gradually become a trend.This combined technology provides a culture-independent method to identify functional microbial community with specific metabolic activities and to reveal key metabolic pathways in complex environment,so it has significant advantages in studying in situ biotransformation and degradation of environmental pollutants.This review introduces the application of this combined technology in studying the biotransformation and degradation of hydrocarbons and their derivatives,pesticides,heavy metals and emerging contaminants in different environments,including identification of functional microbial community and mechanism of pollutants biotransformation and degradation.Finally,future prospect is presented based on the current application status of this combined technology.The combined technology associated with multiple approaches to in situ characterization will provide more accurate and comprehensive information for studying the mechanism of biotransformation and degradation of pollutants driven by microorganisms.

关 键 词：稳定同位素探针技术 宏基因组学 微生物 转化/降解机制 环境污染物 

分 类 号：X172[环境科学与工程—环境科学]