突发公共卫生事件中舆论性信息弱势群体的伦理问题  

Ethical Issues of Disadvantaged Information Groups in Public Health Emergency

作　　者：莫楠 MO Nan(School of Marxism,Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学马克思主义学院,福建福州350122

出　　处：《医学与哲学》2023年第10期30-34,共5页Medicine and Philosophy

基　　金：2022年福建省社会科学规划一般项目(FJ2022B147);2021年福建省教育科学“十四五”规划课题(FJJKBK21-107);2021年福建医科大学医学人文研究中心研究计划项目(2021RWJH002)。

摘　　要：突发公共卫生事件发生后,为了避免疾病扩散,通过流行病学调查得到的患者信息需进行公布,其中与私行私德有关之处在公众围观中可能被放大评判,话语权不足的患者成为舆论中信息弱势群体。这一状况会导致公私边界不明晰,患者私行入公域;道德评价成为情绪宣泄,负面后果无人负责;以道德为名造成撕裂,消解舆论的监督作用等负面后果。要解决这些伦理问题,需要把握适宜的伦理距离,树立距离伦理意识;依照分布式道德行为措施追责,发挥网络平台道德促进者作用;同时增强公共卫生沟通机制中的伦理因素,推进规范化管理。After a public health emergency,in order to avoid the spread of the disease,the patient information obtained through epidemiological investigation should be published.Among them,the information related to private morality may be amplified and judged by the public,and the patients with insufficient discourse power become the disadvantaged information group in public opinion.This situation will lead to unclear boundaries between public and private,and personal behavior of patient will be put into the public domain.Moral evaluation becomes emotional catharsis,and no one is responsible for negative consequences.In the name of morality,it causes tears and dissolves the supervisory role of public opinion.To solve these ethical problems,it is necessary to grasp the appropriate ethical distance and have the awareness of distance ethics.According to the responsibility of distributed moral actions,network platforms could play their role as moral promoter.At the same time,it's suggested to enhance the ethical factors in public health communication mechanism and promote standardized management.

关 键 词：信息弱势群体 舆论 道德评判 责任 

分 类 号：R-05[医药卫生]