天津市老年护理服务需求调查及影响因素分析  

Care needs and influencing factors of older adults in Tianjin

作　　者：陈营 孙华君 于文超 刘先夺 陈娜 刘莹[4] 李菲 毛漪扬 杜汋[1] 陈欣[1] CHEN Ying;SUN Huajun;YU Wenchao;LIU Xianduo;CHEN Na;LIU Ying;LI Fei;MAO Yiyang;DU Yue;CHEN Xin(School of Public Health,Tianjin Medical University,Tianjin,300070,China)

机构地区：[1]天津医科大学公共卫生学院,天津市300070 [2]天津市卫生健康委员会 [3]天津市第三中心医院 [4]天津市环湖医院

出　　处：《中国护理管理》2023年第5期691-697,共7页Chinese Nursing Management

基　　金：2018年天津市哲学社会科学规划项目资金资助(TJKSZDWT1836)。

摘　　要：目的:调查天津市老年护理服务需求现状并分析其影响因素,为满足多样化老年护理服务需求提供参考依据。方法:采用分层抽样法,使用Barthel指数评定表及自制问卷,在天津市医疗机构中调查5280例老年人对老年护理服务的需求情况,采用Logistic回归模型,分析老年护理服务需求的影响因素。结果:老年人对健康监测(68.82%)、精神与心理支持(52.19%)等老年护理服务项目需求较高。患有疾病、存在健康危险因素、存在不良用药会增加老年护理服务需求,一年内住院次数越多、自理能力越差的老年人对老年护理服务需求程度越高。结论:老年护理服务需求受生理、心理和社会层面因素影响呈现差异化;精准对接老年人特别是失能老年人护理服务需求,创新老年护理服务模式是完善老年健康服务体系的重要策略。Objective:To investigate the care needs and influencing factors of older adults in Tianjin.Methods:The stratified random sampling method was used in this study.Participants were surveyed by the Barthel index and the selfmade questionnaires regarding their care needs.A total of 5280 valid questionnaires were received.The Logistic regression model was used to analyze the factors influencing the care needs of older population.Results:The older population in Tianjin had the highest care needs in health monitoring(68.82%),physical and psychological support(52.19%).Those with diseases,exposed to health risk factors,or with poor medication behaviors had higher care needs.The more the number of hospitalizations in a year and the worse the self-care ability of older adults,the higher the needs for nursing care.Conclusion:The care needs is various among older adults with different physical,psychological and sociological factors.Targeted measures to meet the care needs of older adults especially those with disabilities and innovated health care models are essential strategies to improve the health service system for older population.

关 键 词：老年护理服务 需求 自理能力 人口老龄化 影响因素 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学] R197[医药卫生—临床医学] B844.4[哲学宗教—发展与教育心理学] R161.7[哲学宗教—心理学]