线结构光轮对踏面几何参数测量系统设计  

Design of the Geometrical Parameter Measurement System for the Wheelset Tread of Line Structured Light

作　　者：余斌 吴文海[1] YU Bin;WU Wen-hai(School of Mechanical Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Sichuan Chengdu 610031,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学机械工程学院,四川成都610031

出　　处：《机械设计与制造》2023年第6期188-192,共5页Machinery Design & Manufacture

摘　　要：针对轮对踏面几何参数检测自动化程度不高、精度低的问题,设计一种线结构光非接触式测量系统,利用位移传感器和定位块对轮对踏面内侧基准进行定位。采用自动分段的多项式曲线拟合方法对踏面线结构光光条中心线进行光顺处理,解决了中心线提取过程中产生不平滑和锯齿等问题。基于Qt程序开发框架和C++开发软件系统,设计了人机交互界面,实现图像处理、尺寸测量、数据显示与储存等功能。搭建了简易的试验平台对车轮踏面模型进行测量,试验结果表明,该系统对轮缘高度和轮缘厚度的测量误差小于0.1mm,轮辋宽度的测量误差小于0.3mm,满足实际测量需求。A non-contact measurement system of line structured light is designed to solve the problem of the low automation level and low detection accuracy of the geometric parameters of wheelset treads,which uses displacement sensor and positioning block to locate the inner reference of the wheelset tread.The automatic segmentation polynomial curve fitting method is used to smooth the center line of the tread profile structured light strip,which solves the problems of unevenness and jaggedness in the center line extraction process.Based on the Qt program development framework and C++Programming language,the software system is developed,and the human-computer interaction interface is designed to realize the functions of image processing,size measurement,data display and storage.At last,a simple experimental platform is built to measure the wheel tread model,and the experimental results show that the measurement error of the rim height and rim thickness of the system is less than 0.1mm,and the measurement error of the rim width is less than 0.3mm,which meets the actual measurement requirements.

关 键 词：轮对踏面检测 线结构光 非接触式测量 系统设计 数据光顺 

分 类 号：TH16[机械工程—机械制造及自动化] TP29[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]